| The process of polymerization of polyacrylonitrile has developed for a log history, with ahigh degree of industrialization. Its product is the main raw material of PAN, ABS and otherplastics products. The polyacrylonitrile fiber has a lot of good properties, such as soft handfeel,good resilience. With the name of “synthetic wool”, it was widely used in both industrial and civilfields. As the improving of the life quality and the enhancing of the awareness of energy andenvironmental protection, polyacrylonitrile with the function of low temperature dyeing, flameretardant has been the main direction of developement in the field of modified polyacrylonitrile.Currently, we modified the polyacrylonitrile mainly by aftertreatment, alloying andcopolymerization methods. The products modified by aftertreatment have the problem of badwashing resistance, low compfort and so on. These problems really limit the application of PAN inthe fields of clothing and industry. Alloying is the main method in the modification ofpolyacrylonitrile fiber, with the advantages of simple process and low cost. With the method ofalloying, we have produce antibacterial polyacrylonitrile, antistatic polyacrylonitrile.Howeveronly by copolymerization method, can we modify the fiber on the macromolecular compositionand structure, such as low temperature dyeing, melt spinning of PAN and so on. But we shouldadjust the polymerization and spinning process to adapt the method of copolymerizationmodification. The method of homogeneous blend means alloying a small amount of functionalizedpolyacrylonitrile and the routine polyacrylonitrile to get functionalized polyacrylonitrile. Themethod of homogeneous blend can not only solve the problem of compatibility well but also use the existing equipments, which can reduce production cost a lot.This paper mainly designs and synthesizes functionalized polyacrylonitrile with differentmonomers, which can provide material support for the following alloying. The main researchcontents and achievements are as follows:(1) We used AN and MA as the comonomer to get a kind of polyacrylonitrile with a low Tgby change the mixture ratio of AN and MA. When the proportion of AN and MA is70/30or60/40,the products have a low Tg. Through changing the adding quantity of initiator and reaction time,we determine the best process condition. The right process condition is as follows: the initiatoramount is0.9g (the mass fraction is0.6%) being added to the system when it begins, the reactiontime should be24hours.(2) In the base the second chapter, we add AMPS to modify the polyacrylonitrile. The resultsshow the adding of AMPS doesn’t have some influence on the process. The IR and NMR resultsshow the reactant reacted in the proportion added in the beginning. Also the testing of theproperties of the products indicates the polymerization products modified by AMPS have a gooddyeing properties and water absorption which improved about15%.(3) We design and synthesis a monomer with a phosphate group. We use this monomer tomodify the heat resistance of the polymerization of acrylonitrile. The NMR result shows thephosphate group is polymerized into the molecular chain of the product. And the LOI and TGshows the heat resistance of the modified product does not improved a lot when the content ofmonomer is low. In high temperature, the rest quality improved a little.(4) Copolymerization modification is a great method to get the functionalizedpolyacrylonitrile. Besides, the method of homogeneous blend can get a product with a stablefunction, and the industry cost is low. So the method of homogeneous blend has a great marketvalue in industrial production. |
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