Preparation And Characterization Of The Structurally Colored Glaze

Structural coloration is a novel color caused by microstructure of materials, which is a optical effect of refraction, interference, diffraction and scattering et al. Currently, the structural color has been applied and researched in many areas but doesn’t in glass and ceramic. This work prepared three kinds of monodisperse microspheres: Si O2, Ti O2 and Si O2@Ti O2. Structural color glazes were assembled by which on glass and porcelain body with vertical deposition method. Influences on structural color were researched. All those studies were hoped to provide an experimental foundation and theory guidance for the applications of structural color on glass and porcelain.(1) Structural color glazes were assembled by a variety of different size of monodisperse silica colloidal microspheres prepared by sol-gel on glass and porcelain body with vertical deposition method. Influences of the control methods of particle size, particle size, heat treatment temperature, film thickness, substrates and particle post-processing on structural color have researched. SEM, XRD and IR analysis showed that: the size of the silica microspheres became large as increasing amount of ammonia and TEOS in the preparation process, but decreased as the increase of reaction temperature. The size of the microspheres increased to the maximum and then decreased with the rise of water concentration. And it was found that the films with good three-dimensional orderly close packing structure could have blue-shift of the color by decreasing the particle size. Heat treatment process could make the microspheres shrink and a denser of the film. It was found that the greater concentration of colloidal particles, the thicker of the structural film and the paler of the color. Compared with glass substrate, pottery matrix film had a more little structural defects, shorter preparation time, more uniform color and scarcely horizontal "stripes". Besides, the microspheres dispersed in the ethanol could make the structural color red-shift and brighter than the heat treated microspheres.(2) Structural color glazes were assembled by a variety of different size of monodisperse titanium oxide colloidal microspheres prepared by sol-gel on glass and porcelain body with vertical deposition method. Influences of the control methods of particle size, particle size and substrates on structural color have researched. SEM and XRD analysis showed that: the size of the titanium oxide microspheres became large as increasing amount of titanium source, but would decreases as the increase of ammonia, cyanide concentration and reaction temperature. The surface smoothness of titanium oxide colloidal microspheres obviously increased with decreasing temperature. As acetonitrile concentration exceeds a certain value, some small pieces would fall off from the surface of titanium oxide particles, which caused poor properties of microspheres. Film analysis showed that: the structure color of ceramic glaze was almost white and not better than the glass glaze under the same condition, and the structure color would also blue-shift with decreasing the particle size. However, titanium oxide structure color was not brighter than silica structure color. Under the same color, the size of assembled titanium oxide microspheres was littler than silica microspheres. Known from experimental and calculated results, the refractive index of self-assembled titanium oxide microspheres was proved to be 1.806, which was in a good agreement with theoretical value of amorphous hydrous titanium dioxide.(3) Monodisperse Si O2@Ti O2 core-shell composite microspheres were successfully synthesized through the addition of titanium precursors into well-dispersed silicon seed solution. Structural color glazes were assembled by which on glass with vertical deposition method. The color changes of film assembled by the microspheres before and after coated with titanium were studied. SEM, EDS and XRD analysis showed that: the synthesized Si O2@Ti O2 core-shell composite microspheres were amorphous, anatase and rutile phases began to form at 600 and 900 °C respectively. Compared with Si O2 structure color, Si O2@Ti O2 structure color was red-shift. At the same time, its saturated degree and the lightness were very low.