Studies On The Anhui Ecological Environment Protection During The Period Of The Republic Of China

Ecological environment is the carrier for the human to arrange production, life and any other activities. The ecological status can directly relate to the human’s successful production activity, to human life quality and the fundamental problems of the human on the planet---sustainable development. The issue of environment is not only a practical social issue and also a historical issue. No matter how mysterious the practical issues are, there can be always their historical source. That also holds true of environment. The thesis aims to provide a systematic research on the ecological environment protection and construction of Anhui Province during the period of the Republic of China to make sure a more complete understanding of the historical and social transition of Anhui Province during that period.At the beginning of the Republic of China, the community is unrest, it take some bad influence on the environment of Anhui province. The thesis collected the environmental information represented by water yield, river hydrology, soil and land utility, and vegetation coverage, elicited the real-time conditions in these four aspects in Yangtze-Huaihe river basin area where Anhui province is located, and then analyzed the changes and causes. On top of this, the thesis respectively introduced the influence of natural disaster and human activities on ecological environment, and analyzed the reflections in ecological environment transition of Anhui Province during period of Republic of China.Then, based on the basic conditions of environmental health earlier that period, it discussed the organization framework in environmental protection, including water conservancy institution, agriculture and forestry organization, and epidemic prevention department. And then it respectively discussed the formulation and implementation of government policies and regulations at different stages of the period of Republic of China from the aspects of agriculture and forestry organization, natural disaster prevention policy and health environmental protection laws, the policies and regulations include forest law, hunt law, water conservancy law and health law. The first related to environmental law formulate by the Republic of China is the Forest law in March 1914. Soon afterwards, the Anhui provincial government to made up some environment law also. The ecological environment of Anhui province was improved to some extent, but also have a lot of deficiencies in implementation. In the end, it summarized the ideological publicity about ecological environment protection during the period of Republic of China and analyzed the trend of the enhancing environmental protection consciousness.The discussion of the natural ecological environment of Anhui province mainly covered the construction of water conservancy engineering, the protection of forest resource and the resources related to other ecological environment. Among, water conservancy administration was discussed from the aspects of water conservancy construction, including the engineering along Anhui section of Huaihe River and the lower-and-middle section of Yangtze River, and the rescue efforts of China International Famine Relief Commission in Anhui flood during 1930s. After the implementation of afforestation policy formulated by Nanjing government, forest management and protection achieved remarkable effects and drove the development of forest education cause. In the aspect of agricultural production, the excessive deforestation and water and soil loss in the process of wasteland reclaim and irrigation were remarkably curbed. The brief discussion also involves the protection of mountain forest resort and the ancient buildings.The protection of the humanities ecological environment, mainly covered the health and epidemic prevention work and the improvement of the living environment. It comes to the protection over the living environment of Anhui residents during the period of Republic of China. During that period, under the deep influence of new life movement, social public health condition was improved at certain degree. In this chapter, the thesis made discussion from two aspects---the construction of medical health cause and the reform of living environment in urban and rural areas, including the positive building of various hospitals, introduction of advanced medical equipment, vaccination injection and disease control, and the cultivation of medical staff. While discussing public health cause, the thesis made a research on environment health, dietetic hygiene, maternal and child health and school health, in combination with the new life movement in Anhui Province with Anqing and Hefei as the study cases. Under the limits of the poor medical facility resource and the defected health administration plan, despite the different medical health development course, the positive implementation of health policy achieved an overall and balanced development in social environmental work.The construction of Anhui ecological environment protection during the period of the Republic of China was not an easy thing. Last, we looked back on the progress and results in ecological environment protection in Anhui during the period of Republic of China, and the reference significance for modern ecological environment protection. Review and summarize the process and result of ecological environment protection in Anhui province during the period of the Republic of China, the modem and contemporary ecological environment protection also has certain reference significance.