The Ecological Environment Of The Qing To The Republic Of Beichuan Study

Today, Ecological environment problem is one of the major issues in the world, while this problem is getting worse in China. The ecological environment problem is a historical issue. To research environment problems form the point of view of environmental history, which will help us to understand the ecological environment change and the change rule, and harmony with the environment, provide the beneficial reference.Beichuan Autonomous County of the Qiang Nationality as one of the worst-hit areas in "5·12" earthquake which ecological environment has been heavily damaged. This paper explores the status of the ecological environment in the history of Beichuan area, and the influence of natural disasters and human activities on the natural environment of the Beichuan area. Due to the limited of refernce material, the paper selected for the period of The Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China, to make an objective, real representation of the ecological environment in Beichuan area, and on this basis, to explore natural disasters and human agricultural activities on the ecological environment.This paper includes the following five parts:The first part of the paper is introduction. To introduces the topics of origins and significance, this study temporal and spatial scales, research content, research methods and a range of issues such as academic history profile. This study will enrich the regional environmental history research, also provided the reference of protection and ecological restoration and reconstruction in Beichuan area.Secondly, select the four aspects as the climate, hydrology, soil and vegetation which can represent of environmental information, to clear the real-time status and changes of them during the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China in Beichuan area.Thirdly, the discussion the impact of natural disasters on Beichuan environment. During the period of The Qing Dunasty to The Republic of China, Beichuan area met natural disasters frequently. In in addition to other landslides, earthquakes, floods, droughts and other disasters have occurred with the number increasing over time, the disaster has increased the time interval was becoming more and more small, the impact on the natural environment was greater than the previous.Fourthly, the discussion of human activities in agricultural production activity's impact on the environment.Beichuan area is mountainous region, many area was not suitable for the development of agricultural production, but during The Qing Dynasty to The Repblic of China, the government was encourage more agricultural-oriented land reclamation carried out, particularly among The Qing government. With the slope on the conduct of farming production, a large number of forests has been damaged, without the forest to protect the surface of siol, it was easily to cause soil erosion and improverishment. However, the beginning of soil erosion phenonmenon was not in The Republic of China, there was universal soil erosion in the early Qing Dynasty. The root causes of soil erosion is cultivation in the slopes plus local climate feature. Deforestation, soil erosion increased, Regional climate, hydrology, wild life species and habitates were also has a corresponding change by encroach on ecological balance, the natural disasters was subsequent increased. This was also can demonstrated from The Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China to the development of agricultural and environmental change in the interaction.Fifthly, carry on the summary to the paper. While draws a conclusion to the paper, this part also for the reconstruction of Beichuan recommendations.