Synthesis And Properties Of Alkylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfates

This thesis work focuses on nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates, a sort of anionicnonionic mixed surfactants with many excellent performances, which are used in various industries.Ammonium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate(NPE4SA) and sodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate(NPEn S, n=4, 6, 7, 9) were synthesized with nonylphenol ethoxylates(NPEn, n=4, 6, 7, 9) and sulfamic acid as raw materials. Optimum reaction conditions were explored by orthogonal experiment in order to maximize the conversion rate. The optimum reaction conditions were determined as following: molar ratio of nonylphenol ethoxylate to sulfamic acid was 1:1.20, amount of catalyst was 1.5%(based on the mass of nonylphenol ethoxylate and sulfamic acid), reaction temperature was 120℃, reaction time was 3 h. The conversion rate of nonylphenol ethoxylate under the condition above was 98.89%. Then purified products were analysed and identified by the active matter content, IR and mass spectrometry.The surface tension of NPE4 SA at different temperatures and concentrations of Na Cl were determined by drop volume method. Then the surface chemical parameters were calculated. The results show that it has better surface activity. With the increase of temperature, γcmc and maximum surface adsorption capacity(Γmax) decrease, then cmc and Amin increase under certain concentration of sodium chloride. With the increase of the concentration of sodium chloride, cmc and γcmc decrease, then Γmax increase a little under certain temperature. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization of NPE4 SA were calculated. The results show that the process of micellization of NPE4 S is a spontaneous process driven by entropy. The aggregation number and micropolarity of micelle of NPE4 SA were determined by steady-state fluorescence probe method. The surface tension of NPEn S at different temperatures were determined by drop volume method, and the surface chemical parameters were calculated. The results show that γcmc and Amin increase with the increase of EO number under certain temperature, then cmc and p C20 decrease. With the increase of temperature under certain NPEn S γcmc and Γmax decrease, then cmc and Amin increase.The properties of the final products were determined, including wetting, emulsification, solubilization, foaming, adsorption and so on. The results show that wetting and calcium soap dispersion of NPEn S increase with the increase of EO number, then emulsification and solubilization decrease. The foaming of NPE4 S is better than that of AES, and maintain high foam under the high hardness and high salinity conditions. Then the foaming of the other polyoxyethylene chain length products decrease significantly. The amount of NPE4 S adsorption on the silica surface increase gradually with the increase of Na Cl concentration under certain temperature. The amount of NPE4 S adsorption at 45℃is slightly less than that at 25℃under certain concentration of Na Cl.NPE4SA is applied in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with commercial NPE4 SA sample as a contrast. The effects on the properties of the latex are studied with different additions of self-made product. The adhesive film is identified by IR. The results show that the difference of the properties of the latex and adhesive film, which are synthesized by the self-made product and commercial product respectively, is small. The particle size of the latex is small. The solid content, viscosity and the stability of ion increase gradually in the latex with the increase of self-made product. The average particle size and water resistance decrease. The glass transition temperature of the adhesive film rise gradually.