| Due to the increasing urgency in solving the severe atmospheric pollution in China, air quality model becomes more and more important in air quality management, such as the development of control strategies, forecast of heavy pollution, and source apportionment. However, owing to the uncertainties of chemical reaction rates, meteorological fields, boundary conditions and emission inventories, the uncertainty of air quality models is still noticeable, which is not beneficial to the development of efficient air quality management. As one of the most vital data in model, the quantity and spational-temporal pattern of emission inventory significantly affect the performance of modeling.Therefore, this study aim to develop a 2012-based anthropogenic emission inventory involve high spatial and temporal resolution in the PRD region and improve its temporal and spatial location, with the consideration of national statutory holiday, for further improvement of regional air quality.Firstly, to meet the requirement for developing emission inventory and modelling, a local emission source categorization system was established with four levels, including twelve first-class sources. The base-year emission inventory in PRD was developed by using the latest activities data and most-available emission factor.Results showed that, the annual emissions of SO2, NOX, CO, PM10, PM2.5, VOCs and NH3 were 466.1×103、942.8×103、4626.6×103、495.2×103、192.3×103、864.0×103 and 190.3×103 tons, respectively. Power plants, industrial source, on-road and non-road mobiles source, solvent use and dust source were the major primary sources in PRD.Secondly, new temporal profiles of months, day-of-week and hours were improved, by using more comprehensive and representative data. In addition, the emission patterns during special periods which cannot simply illustrated using average temporal profiles, including national public holidays and typhoon days were also studied. Results showed that temporal pattern of emission varied with sources and the temporal pattern of Spring Festival was highly different from previous one if average profiles was adopted. Besides, typhoon would reduce the emission of dust sources rapidly.Meanwhile, spatial distributions of major sources were also improved using data from geographic information database of Guangdong Province and automatic identification system of marine. Theemission inventory with highly spatial resolution resolved(3km×3km)for the PRD region was developed. Results showed that emission in PRD was mainly concentrated in Guangzhou, Foshan, Dongguan, Zhongshan and Shenzhen. However, the hot spot of different sources varied with each other.Finally, to assess the improvement of temporal and spatial location, various cases were established and simulated by using the WRF/SMOKE-PRD/CMAQ modeling system. Modeling performance was improved, especially NO2 and SO2, which indicated that the study on temporal and spatial location and its improvement was impactful and significant. |
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