The Flow Of Liquid Metal Under High Heat Load On The Environment Of The Heat Transfer Fluid Simulation Behavior

Choosing which materials as PFC(such as divertor and first wall) in fusion reactor is a difficult problem for the researchers of fusion. Compared with solid PFC, liquid metal PFC have the ability to take the heat away constantly through its circulating, and the ability to repair and self-renew, also can protect the high Z solid wall its back from less damaging, which considered as a promising candidate materials of PFC. Many countries in the world have established liquid-metal loops to research the interaction between plasma and liquid metal. Our research group also set the liquid lithium loop on the basic of high density plasma generator. This paper intend to research the problem of liquid metal flowing and heat transferring primarily, Also, compared with liquid lithium, we investigate the temperature and velocity change when liquid tin as calculating fluid.Commercial software ANSYS CFX is used to calculate the effect of heat flux and velocity of liquid lithium on temperature distribution of the free flow of liquid lithium. The results show that the temperature of liquid lithium is higher near the center of guiding groove; the temperature of liquid lithium is lower in the location corresponding to inlet and outlet of cooling water. The temperature of liquid lithium within guiding groove rising significantly with the increase of plasma heat flux. When the velocity of water is 1.5 m/s, Heat flux are 0.1 MW/m2 and 1 MW/m2 respectively, the corresponding temperature of liquid lithium are 255.3 ℃458.6 ℃.The temperature of liquid lithium within guiding groove dropped gradually with increase of velocity of liquid lithium, however, The amplitude of temperature variation is smaller. Also, we calculate the effect of velocity of liquid lithium、heat flux、velocity and temperature of water on temperature of the free flow liquid lithium and cooling efficiency of water under the action of thermal load. Results indicate that with the increase of velocity of liquid lithium, temperature of liquid lithium decrease. When heat flux less than 2 MW/m2, water can meet the requirements of the temperature control of liquid lithium, however, cooling capacity of water is insufficient when heat flux more higher. Increasing the velocity of cooling water is the effective way to decrease temperature of liquid lithium and improve cooling efficiency. The temperature of water has a little impact on temperature of liquid lithium and cooling efficiency.The structure model of the free flow liquid tin is designed anew, the speed and temperature changes of liquid tin is calculated under different initial velocity and heat flux by ANSYS software, the velocity distribution and temperature distribution of liquid tin has been obtained. Also, the calculated results show that velocity of liquid tin is relatively uniform perpendicular to flow direction, while the velocity of liquid tin increase and the liquid level of liquid tin attenuate gradually along flow direction. Under the condition of initial temperature of liquid tin 600 K, the temperature of liquid tin at outlet is 623.38 K, if the heat flux is 1 MW/m2. The temperature of liquid tin at outlet is 720.18 K, if the heat flux is 5 MW/m2. When the liquid lithium is calculated fluid under the same conditions, the results show the temperature of liquid lithium is much lower than that of liquid tin.