Research Of Polymer Solutions’ Basic Performance In High Electric Field

Under high voltage electric field, polymer solutions overcome their surface tension and form a fiber structure, and they all can be widely potentially applicated in the biological medicine, information storage, energy, filtration, protective areas. While under the effect of high electric field, the interaction between polymer molecular force will change, forming the actual surface tension of solution, solution viscosity and solvent volatilization behavior of electrostatic spinning forming. Especially based on the free surface without needles in electrostatic spinning forming solution stability, shape structure of the fiber, it has practical and important significance. This paper adopts the improved falling ball viscometer and the maximum bubble pressure device to research the neutral polymer PVDF, PEO and polyelectrolyte PAAS these two kinds of polymer’ viscosity behavior of the high voltage field solution and the change of surface tension, and after adding ionic liquid(Bmim Cl) solution performance changes, to investigate the molecular chain of the high voltage field solution, inter-atomic forces changes and the interaction between the polymer and ionic liquids. The results showed that:With the introduction of high electric field, PVDF solution’s viscosity, surface tension changes, and it effected by the solution concentration, ionic liquid concentration, and the size of the applied electric field, and the polymer molecular weight. When the applied electric field voltage less than 5 k V, low concentration and low molecular weight of PVDF solution’s surface tension increase with increasing applied voltage,. The applied electric field which influences surface tension of the solution has a saturated value, To further increase the voltage, solution surface tension leveling off. For the high concentration of PVDF solution, its surface tension change is not obvious. High concentrations of PVDF solution in viscosity increases with the increase of ionic liquids and electric field also makes the solution viscosity rise, but the increase is smaller. The introduction of ionic liquids obviously changes the solution conductivity. For viscosity, adding a small amount of ionic liquid caused PVDF solution viscosity increased. Ionic liquid in solution occurred ionization,the charged ions was adopted on the PVDF molecules chain, with the increase of electric field intensity, the solution of ion with electric field direction orientation, affected by the surrounding ions, thus molecular chain conformation transformation, solution viscosity increased. The surface tension of Ionic liquid is greater than of the polymer solution. After adding ionic liquid, the surface tension of the solution is improved with increasing the ionic liquid concentration. The changes of the interface structure in low voltage is mainly happened between solvent and polymer chain, the influence of electric field increase gradually; When the voltage is greater than 5 k V, electric field force and basic polymer chain/solvent reaction becomes balance; When more than 15 k V, electric field force has a leading role, molecular chains retract to solvent, the solution showed large surface tension.For the PEO solution, due to the additional Na Cl ionization of chloride ion in aqueous solution the high electronegativity of PEO molecular chain of oxygen ion- dipole effect makes its viscosity increased. As IL added, solution viscosity is falling first, after the rise and decline. The bigger the molecular weight of PEO has high viscosity. When the molecular weight is low, viscosity increase with concentration increasing, but after reaching a certain concentration, viscosity change is very small, basically becomes a constant. With high molecular weight, viscosity is bigger, extreme value of the concentration is larger. Under the concentration of 3.5%, the PEO solution surface tension by electric field effect is obviously. For polyelectrolyte PAAS solution, pure PAAS solution viscosity by electric fields have certain volatility, and a general trend of diminishing. Over 0.05% of the addition of ionic liquids, the viscosity of PAAS solution rises, but the surface tension has a significant decline. The electric field affects the viscosity of PAAS solution containing ionic liquids to decline, increased dramatically after the flat surface tension. PAAS without the introduction of high electric field, it changes over time, the surface tension of the solution and the amplitude is obvious. The polyelectrolyte interface is in not steady state, but after taking electric field, it makes its surface tends to be stable.