The Ionic Liquid Synthesis And Study Of Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials have received considerable attention due to their novel properties such as electronic,magnetic and chemical properties.There are many methods used to prepare nanomaterials,but it is still needed to improve a facile,environment-friendly route for synthesis nanomaterials with growing concerns over the environmental impact.Ionic liquids are environment-friendly solvent.Al compound,SiO₂ and nickel compound nanomaterials were prepared in ionic liquids.The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM,IR,N₂ adsorption techniques.The effects of reaction factors such as temperature, content of raw material on grain size,morphology,crystalline phase of the products were investigated.The following main contents can be summarized as following:(1)1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride[C₄mim]Cl and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate[C₄mim][BF₄]have been synthesized and purified.(2)Nanostructured Al compound was synthesized using ionic liquid[C_mim][BF₄]as solvent by means of sol-gel.The samples were characterized by XRD,SEM and so on.The results show that the Al₄O₂Cl₁₀·xH₂O was obtain,and its morphology is of platelet with the size of 4-15nm.We investigated effects of temperature,raw material and content of NaOH on products.The monoclinic Al(OH)₃ was obtained by means of Solvothermal method, the effect of temperature on mirostructure of the products was also investigated.(3)Silica nanoparticles was synthesized in[C₄mim][BF₄]by means of sol-gel.The samples were characterized by XRD,SEM and N₂ adsorption.The results show that the microstructure of SiO₂ are influented by surfactant and heat treatment.The particle size is ranged from 6-20nm and the specific surface area is 132.8m²/g for spherical SiO₂prepared without surfactant,while the average grain size is 25nm and the specific surface area is 156.4m²/g for spongelike SiO₂ prepared in the present of surfactant.After calcinations at 550℃,The particles size was increasing,up to 30-50nm for spherical SiO₂ prepared without surfactant,and The particles size of SiO₂ prepared with surfactant changed instinctively. The effects of temperature and ionic liquid on Crystalline phase of SiO₂ were investigated(4)Nickel compound was synthesized using the mixture of ionic liquid[C₄mim][BF₄] and water.The morphologies and structure of nickel compound are characterized by XRD,TEM and so on.The results indicated the nickel compound wih 1.4μm in length was obtained.The possible formation causation of nickel compound was due to impurity of ionic liquid.In order to proof this idea,β-Ni(OH)₂ with diameter of 5μm was obtained using ionic liquid purified.The effects of content of raw material and temperature on products were investigated.Solvothermal method was employed to prepared nickel complex,nickel complex with rod was obtained when the reaction temperature is kept at 150℃for 6h,the length and the diameter of rods isl0-12μm,4.1μm,respectively.The effect of temperature on microstructure of products was investigated.