Cnc Machine Tool Error Analysis

How to improve the precision of NC machine tools had become a crucial task, and error compensation technology had become an important method to reduce error. Error compensation includes mechanical compensation and software compensation which is feasible,cost-saving and prolong the life of NC machine tools, without reducing the accuracy. Software compensation has applied widely.By far, error compensation is almost only analyzed in theory and used in laboratory. Single error analysis was applied in this paper, so as to compensate the primary error of the component, and finally made it take effect in manufacturing.Errors analyzed in this paper included control system error, component manufacturing error, component abrasion and thermal distortion error, specifically, control system lag error, reverse backlash error, principle of interpolation error, navigation perpendicularity error, screw pitch error and thermal error. Analyzed every single error, and found out how it appeared, then error model was built. Programmed a software to simulate the error distributing and calculate the max error, so as to estimate the part error in advance. Whether or not to apply compensation was determined by the estimated value.According to the analysis, Visual C++ was used to set up software which can process graphics. Model and measured data was used in graphic transform, and error was added to the initial graphics, then compensation was realized. Software can process lag error, backlash error, perpendicularity error, pitch error, etc. The function included error curve simulating and calculating, creating and simulating error compensation curve. After the compensation curve was processed by tool path creating software, it can be used in manufacturing.