Long Tunnel Driver Psychology

With the development of transportation, more and more highway tunnels will be built in the future. How to forecast and reduce traffic accidents in tunnels and how to minimize the losses after accidents have gradually become one of the questions most concerned by modern tunnel designers and managers. In order to reduce the harm to human-kind caused by traffic accident, many countries have made great efforts on road environment optimizing, traffic condition and vehicles capability improving. On the ground of the results of traffic accident survey, effect is not remarkable.Nowadays, under the analysis of research on tunnel operation safety and traffic accident reasons, objective factors have been intensively analyzed, while driver's subjective factors (mental factors) have been merely taken into consideration. Therefore, it is necessary to do some research on driver's mentality.First of all, on the basis of analyzing typical tunnel traffic accidents, the characteristics of tunnel traffic accidents have been sum up in this thesis: heavily influenced by tunnel environment, mostly occurring around the entrance and exit of tunnels and middle part of extra-long tunnel, trail-chasing collision as the mainaccident type. Secondly, tunnel environment has been divided into two parts-----entityenvironment and psychology environment from psychological point of view. Entity environment is consisted of tunnel structure and all kinds of vehicles and users in the tunnel, while psychology environment, as an extension of entity environment, is a kind of objects related to tunnel which influence in drivers' behavior when driving through the tunnel, such as traffic rule of laws, public opinions, similar experiences related to tunnel and instinct responses to potential danger, etc.. Thirdly, on the basis of drivers' traditional behavior mode, a new behavior mode has been put up. On the apperception of tunnel environment information, driver's primary behavior has been come into being and judged with driver's expectation afterwards, while judgment is inconsistent, psychological expectation reducing and behavior revising have been aroused till...