Rail Section Detection Technology

With continual speeding of the train in our country, the request to the quality of rail is stricter than ever before. Rail is the most important device of railway, whose primary function is to support and channel the cartwheel of the locomotive and endure the load and shock, so keeping the rail in good condition is necessary to ensure the train's safety. The damnification of the rail caused by the fatigue is displayed in the form of the rail head abrasion. After the rail head is damnified, the area of rail head decreases that will result in the weakness of the intensity. So it is very important to detect the abrasion of the rail head. The method of processing data and image recognition are discussed in this paper. In the end the software is designed to achieve the purpose of processing the data got by measuring the abrasion of the rail head. The main content of the paper is as follows:1. According to the function requirement of the portable rail head profile laser measuring instrument, the overall hardware and software scheme of the measuring system is designed.2. The hardware configuration of the communication processing and the design of the software are studied. The standard of the COM is introduced in detail. The most common serial interface RS-232 is chosen by the comparison and the software of communication is designed.3.Considering the characteristic of the data, the analysis and emulation are carried out in the base of introducing the principium and the realization process of the digital filter in detail. The IIR filter is chosen to process the data measured on the plot according to the data characteristic. And the Butterworth lowpass and the Chebyshev I lowpass digital filter are designed according to the frequency characteristic of the data.4. After the common theory and method of the image are introduced, the method of the feature extraction and recognition of the rail head profile are studied.5. According to designing ideas, a prototype aeroplane is developed for testing. The test of system function shows all the function of the system is satisfied with all design requirements; the purpose of the data process and the profile identify are satisfying.