Typical Small Watershed In The Southwest Use The Amount Of Research

Water availability is a conception formed under the condition that the problem between water supply and demand is aggravating and regional ecological environment is deteriorating.It is highly comprehensive and affected by many factors,involving hydrology,hydrogeology and environmental ecology,etc.The calculating process is so complicated that so far there is no easy-to-operate calculating model with clear concept.However,in China's southwest karst areas with serious problem of engineering water scarcity and vulnerable ecological environment,the research on water availability is of great practical significance.Scientific evaluation the water availability in the karst basin is not only an essential work and lay a good foundation for rational allocation of water resources,but also is the significant guarantee to achieve social economy coordination with the ecological environment and sustainable development.The Houzhai subterranean basin of Puding county,Guizhou province is taken as typical area for research in the thesis.First,study,simulation,analysis and calculation of the quantity of "Three Water"(water for production,water for life,and water for ecology) demand,natural surface water and natural karst water are carried out with the view of sustainable exploitation of water resources and recovery of vulnerable karst ecological environment.Based on the result obtained from the study and the economical and geographical condition of this area,surface water availability and karst water availability in different rain frequencies in that area are figured out. Then further calculating models theory framework for water availability are formed based on the "Three Water" transformation feature of karst water catchment.The results show that,the total water availability in Houzhal karst basin run up to 22.698 million m~3/a(P=75%) and 22.623 million m~3/a(P=95%) respectively.Among them,surface water availability is 7.692 million m~3/a(P=75%) and 7.617 million m~3/a(P=95%),the potential exploitable surface water is 2.874 million m~3/a(P=75%) and 3.186 million m~3/a(P =95%),so,the potential Volume is small.Karst water availability is 15.006 million m~3/a,and the potential exploitable karst water is 8.306 million m~3/a(P=75%) and 9.144 million m~3/a(P= 95%) with vast exploitation potential.On this basis,in accordance with the state of balance between water supply and demand in the river and the model of water resources development and utilization,a solution which is known as water balanced countermeasures for "Engineering Water Shortage" is put forward to solve the problem between water supply and demand.