Simulation Study On The Flow Area Of ​​the Multi-layer Multi-room Building Fire Smoke

Building fire is seriously threaten to the security of human beings' lives and properties and, within which, multilayer buildings is the majority. Most residences and commercial buildings in cities are multilayer and multi-functional. These buildings usually will be remodified in the future. Thus, the danger of building fire because of man-made reasons is higher. This thesis has carried out systematical study in the numerical simulation method of multilayer and multi-room building fire, and developed the calculation program of multilayer and multi-room smoke spread based on two-layer zone model. What is more, the regulation and characteristic of multilayer and multi-room smoke spread and its affected factors are respectively discussed.1. The summarization and comparison of fire smoke spread simulation model home and abroad is carried out. Then proper numerical simulation model is selected according the structural characteristic of multilayer and multi-room building. Relative accurate conclusion can be achieved by zone model.2. The principle of zone simulation is introduced. Heat Release Rate Model, Plume Model and Convective Heat Transfer Model are respectively studied. Convective Heat Transfer Model is simplified. The calculation method of stair well contact area and convective heat transfer coefficient is proposed. Consequently, the equation of two-layer zone simulation method is deduced as the foundation for simulation programming.3. The framework of area simulation model is composed. Numerical-simulated calculation program is developed by Matlab. Furthermore, the accuracy of the program is testified by the comparison with more mature simulation program abroad such as CFAST and FDS.4. Multilayer and multi-room building fire affected factor is analyzed by numerical simulation program. The impact of heat release rate, plume model and building scale to the regulation of multilayer and multi-room smoke spread is discussed. Conclusion shows that along with the increase of heat release rate, room temperature also increase but smoke layer height decrease. The temperature simulated by Zukoski Plume Model is the highest, next is by Heskestad and the least is by MoCaffrey Model. Along with the increase of room area, room fire temperature decrease but along with the increase of room height, convective heat transfer of stair well lose gradually, temperature of up-stair room is related to the height of stair well. Along with the increase of window area, room temperature decrease and smoke layer height increase.