Under Different Cultivation Of Maize Rhizosphere Microbes, Biomass And Activity

Maize is one of major agronomical croPs in our country. Scientific cultivation and management maize can reduce inPut cost effectively, increase yield and quality of maize, and reduce soil environmental Pollution caused by fertilizers and Pesticides. The Past studies showed that different cultivation Patterns have significant influence to imProve maize yield and quality. Studing the changes of maize rhizosPhere microbial community with its Physiological Period under different cultivation Patterns will be helP to know and understand mechanisms of different cultivation Patterns imProving maize yield and quality, and also, can Providing scientific basis for ameliorating cultivation and management of maize.Taking the soil of maize zoot zone soil under maize monoculture maize mulching, maize and soybean mixed croPPing and maize and soybean intercroPPing as study object; using smearing Plate culture and MPN method to test the change of the number of bacterial, fungi and actinomycetes and Physiological functional grouP of root surface and root zone of maize under the mode of maize mulching, maize and soybean mixed croPPing and maize and soybean intercroPPing with maize's Physiological Period; use different Physiological stage root water extracts of maize and soybean to rePlace their root exudates to treat soil which collected from root zone of maize at the Period of seeding to study the affection of root exudates of maize and soybean on microorganisms'PoPulation of structure and comPosition of maize root zone; Using fumigation extraction-caPacity analysis measure microorganism biomass C, Potassium Permanganate Volumetric Method, Colorimetric Phenol sodium, Disodium Phenyl PhosPhate assay, Glucose standard solution assay and 3,5-Dinitrosalicy licacidcolorimetr measure the calalase, urease, alkaline PhosPhatase, cellulas of maize rhizosPhere soil with its Physiological Period under different culture model.The results showed:1. The number of bacterial, fungi, actinomycetes of root surface and root zone of maize under different culture mode has changed. The ration of bacteria and actinomycetes in both maize root surface and zone soils have been imProved but fungi ration reduced under the mode of maize mulching, maize and soybean mixed croPPing and maize and soybean intercroPPing.2. The changer of Physiological functional grouP's numbe very comPlex among different maize culture model with maize different Physiological functional, but the number of nitrite bacteria has been imProved in different cultivation Patterns.3. ComPare with countrl of sterile demonized wate, the root water extracts of maize, soybeans and mixed maize and soybeans root water have imProved the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. And the mixed maize and soybeans root waterextracts have the best effect, the second and the third is soybeans root water extracts, maize root water extracts respectively. Hierarchical clustering and Principle comPonent analysis (PCA) show that different root water extracts have different Play in affecting maize rhizosPhere microbiology;4. ComPare with maize monoculture, the model of maize mulching, maize and soybean mixed croPPing and maize and soybean intercroPPing have imProved the the active of invertase; the active of cellulase have been imProved under the mode of maize mulching and maize and soybean mixed croPPing in a certain extent, but reduced under the mode of maize and soybean intercroPPing; The active of alkaline PhosPhatase have imProved greatly in seedling, jointing and filling stage but reduced in flowering and Physiological mature stage under the mode of maize and soybean mixed croPPing, reduced in all the Physiological mature stage under the mode of maize and soybean intercroPPing excePt seedling and maize mulching excePt jointing; the active of urease have been imProved under the mode of maize and soybean mixed croPPing which have the best effect, maize and soybean intercroPPing which have second effect and maize mulching which have the third effect. But the imProving of urease main occurred in Physiological mature stage under maize mulching; the active of calalase have been reduced in the whole of maize Physiological stage under the mode of soybean mixed croPPing, maize and soybean intercroPPing and maize mulching;5. The microorganism biomass C of maize rhizosPhere soil reached the biggest in seedling, reduced from seedling to filling stage, imProved from filling stage to Physiological mature stage under the mode of soybean mixed croPPing, maize and soybean intercroPPing and maize mulching. Among different mode, the microorganism biomass C from more to less is soybean mixed croPPing, maize mulching and maize and soybean intercroPPing respectively.The results showed that maize mulching maize and soybean mixed croPPing and maize and soybean intercroPPing can affect the microbiology composition of maize rhizosPhere, MBC content and Soil Enzyme Activity, which have affected maize's rhizosPhere enviroment, benefit to maize growth. At the same time, our study results can Provide scientific basis and reference for relevant agriculture Plants's scientific cultivation and management.