Wild Fruit Trees In Jilin Province Mycorrhizal Research

Mycorrhizas of fruit-trees, which are the roots that fruit-trees infect some valuable funguses & grow with them symbiotically, Organizations of fruit-trees & funguses can form organism; funguses rely on fruit-trees to provide carbon nutrition; accordingly, fruit-trees rely on funguses to absorb water & nutrition that the roots fail to. Generally speaking, the root family of fruit-trees & funguses co-exist. Funguses can raise nutrition of K, Mg, Cu, Zn, Ca, & Fe as well as that of N element & P element, can gain mineral nutrition of fruit-trees, improve resistance to drought salinization & diseases& promote the growth of fruit-trees. As far as the resistance to drought is concerned, funguses can, on one hand, enlarge providing-water capacity of soil; on the other hand, raise absorbing-water capacity of trees by helping the trees develop perfect root families against threat from drought. Also, funguses can improve the ability of resistance to insects, mean while, promote the growth of fruit-trees several even dozens of times. In one word, funguses application in production & practice has insignificant prospect. So, to develop & make the best of funguses will be a prominent technique in high output, high quality & high efficiency. From the discovery, we can see that there aren't any mycorrhiza in the woodized root family with diameter more than 2mm or in the secondary structure of roots, that is to say ,VA mycorrhizas can't infect the thick woodized roots, Obviously,it is because the woodization of cortical cells keep funguses from being infected .The experiment has been done by using the root family of wild fruit-trees in Jilin province as experimental materials; paraffin wax-made slide technique, microscopy, Phillips & Hayman coloration are employed to carry out research into morphological botany.The thesis explores the formal characteristics of the mycorrhizas in Jilin province & infection rate through dissection research on them.According to the different parasitic parts of funguses, mycorrhizas can beIIIclassified into three parts, namely externally-born mycorrhiza, internally-born mycorrhiza and externally-born internally-born mycorrhiza. The first one refers to the hyphae attached to the cortex; the second one refers to the hyphae stretching into soft mucous membrance of cortex and forming lots of branch-like hyphae which can be divided into VA mycorrhiza. azalea mycorrhiza & orchid family mycorrhiza . The third one has the features of the former two. Most mycorrhizas of seventeen kinds of wild fruit-trees investigated in the experiment in Jilin province are VA mycorrhizas, that is vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas, which are similar to or different from each other in structure. From the discovery, vesiculars are found in mycorrhizas ofRubus idaeus, Hippophae rhammoides, which emerge in the cortical cells as well as between the cells with shapes in sphere.oval & ovum forms. Hippophae rhammoides has such particular shapes as spindle and ball forms. Vesiculars &arbusculars are found in Lonicera deulis, Armenica vw/gtfra,Arbusculars are a Kind of branch-like structure with hyphae infecting parasitic cells, which extend in length and breadth in the cortical structure of roots & form many branches Vesicuars, arbusculars & internally-born hyphae are in the cortical organization. The formation varies from one vesicular of mycorrhizas to another, which illustrates the fact that it may be infected by many kinds of VA mycorrhizas. The effect of different funguses on different trees varies,thus, they can't have the same formation. The similarity of mycorrhizas of different fruit-trees is that. Most of them are in cortical cells of initial structure of roots, which are in such shapes as sphere, oval or irregular form. The number of them are different, besides, there exist crystals in pyrus betulaefolia Bge & vitis amurensis Rupr. There exist pile crystals in the cortical organization of Pyrus betulaefolia while pin-pile crystal found in Vitis amurensis.The two kinds of crystals are distinguished Easi...