Medicinal Pyrrosia Spores Scanning Electron Microscope Identification And Flavonoid Histochemical Localization And Determination

Pyrrosia leaf are the plants of Pyrrosia Mirbel,Polypodiaceae.they distribute in large area of China,the central area,the north,the northeast,the northwest and the southwest provinces.The parts on the ground are traditional medicine.taste of bitter and stweet.The plants have the function of diuresis and hemostasis.In the 2005 pharmacopoeia of the people,s republic of china,the dry leaves of three species from Pyrrosia Mirbel are used for medicinal material,they are Pyrrosia lingua(Thunb.) Fatwell,Pyrrosia sheareri(Bak.) Ching and Pyrrosia petiolosa(Christ) Ching.some other species from Pyrrosia Mirbel are also used for medicinal material in many area.In order to differentiate the Pyrrosia materials,provide sub-microstructure information of the materials is very important.it is also significant in identification and quality control of medicinal materials.So the study of extraction and content mensuration of chemical component in Pyrrosia materials,can provide chemical data for quality control and valid applications.We have done some studies about Pyrrosia materials systematicly.(1) By examining spore morphology of the Pyrrosia materials under ESEM,we authenticated and differentiate the different materials and provide sub-microstructure information of the materials for medicinal materials identification.The 4 species we herborized are Pyrrosia drakeana(Franch.) Ching,P.lingua(Thunb.) Fatwell,P.petiolosa(Christ) Ching,P.davidii(Bak.) Ching.(2) The result of chromogenic reaction:Flavonoids of Pyrrosia materials distribute in of leaf, mesophyll cell and epidermal hair;sclerenchyma cell,Medullocell,bundle sheath and phloem; epidermis,Medullocell and phloem of rhizome.In practical application,the epidermal hair is always chucked away,this made the effective part of Flavonoids has been lost.(3)The optimum extraction condition for total flavonoids was investigated by orthogonal design. Using this method,the total flavonoids from 5 different Pyrrosia materilals were extracted and determined by UV spectrophotometer.The determination of 5 different Pyrrosia leaves and rhizomes showed that the total flavonoids content of 5 different materials leaves is higher than the total flavonoids content of 5 different materials rhizomes.Chlorophyl of leaves may be bring some false positive effects to the result,but the effect is not marked.From high to low,the content of the total flavonoids is:Pyrrosia drakeana(Franch.) Ching117.508mg/g,Pyrrosia medicinal materials 103.449mg/g,P.petiolosa(Christ) Ching 97.576mg/g,P.lingua(Thunb.) Fatwell 68.994mg/g,P. davidii(Bak.) Ching 53.548mg/g.Flavonoids content of different species has large distance,this distance should bing on different officinal effect.So the total flavonoids should be one of the evaluated target of medicinal materials quality control,and different species of Pyrrosia should have different evaluated standard,it is important to differentiate them.(4) The TLC and TLCS result of acetidin extractive from 5 different Pyrrosia leaves and rhizomes showed that the chemical components of 5 Pyrrosia materials are very alike,but the chromatograms have obvious differents.There aren't Quercetin and Kaempferol detected in the undergound parts of the 5 Pyrrosia materials.The overground part of Pyrrosia drakeana(Franch.) Ching had detected the Quercetin.In addition,there is no kaempferol in P.davidii(Bak.) Ching. Oleanolic is likely to distribute in all the 5 materials.By the detection of some effective components from 5 Pyrrosia materials,the chemical characteristic would be knowm.We shoule suit the remedy to the case and utilize the resource effectively and adequately.