Historical Period Of The Giant Panda Of Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, And Changes

Recently, researchers have put more and more emphasis on environmentalevolution. Animals, one of the most important parts of environmental system, can reflect environment's quality and changes sensitively, so it has very important significance. Based on the historical literature during the historical period, the thesis aimed to compare the panda resources in Sichuan Chongqing and Hubei in the past with the one nowadays, and analyzed the evolution causes, and investigated the natural and social conditions in the past. The research may not only add something to historical geography and environmental evolution research but also have theoretical significance to the protect of the panda.The thesis includes six aspects:Firstly, in this part the reason for the topic, the significance for the study and the current research situations were given.The change of distrabution about animals is one of the most important parts of environmental system.The panda firstly appeared in thegeological period, and there were a lot of records about the panda, especially in the literatures during the Ming and Qing Danasties.But the systematic researches on the change of distrabution about the panda in the Sichuan Chongqing and Hubei is very weak. Based on many archeological documents and the historical literature, the thesis had very wide space. So the research may not only add something to historical geography and environmental evolution research but also had theoretical significance to the protect of the panda. Besides, using the historical geography method to recoveryhistorical appearance of the distrabution of the panda and analyze the relationship between human beings and the environment was an important research content.Secondly, in this part the historical names of the panda , their life habits and the choice of the panda on their life conditions were talked about. There were many names about the panda during the historical period. After analyzing the research of HuJinchu, the author thought that "Pi"may not be the historical name of the panda,which basing on the historical literature.then the author also talked about the morphology and ecological characters about the panda.Thirdly, the change of distribution of the panda in Sichuan Chongqing and Hubei was talked about. After analyzing thearcheological documens and the historical literature, the thesis recoveried the distribution of the panda in Sichuan Chongqing and Hubei during the historical period to some extent, and discussed about the visage of the distrabution to enrich previous researches furthermore.In the course of analyzing the frequency of appearance in the historical literature,the author found that the distrabution of the panda was wide,but in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the areas of distrabution became smaller and the speed accelerated afterward.Fourthly, the thesis aimed to compare the panda resources in Sichuan Chongqing and Hubei in the past with the one nowadays, and analyzed the evolution causes of the natural condition in the past. It included the flowering of the bamboo and the panda itself. The two aspects connected and effected each other,and the second aspect was the key factor.Fifthly, the author analyzed the evolution cause of the social condition in the past. The author pointed out that it was caused by the activities of human beings.With the number of people becoming larger and larger,especially in the Ming and Qing dynasties,the expanding of the habitation of people and the scale of land clearing. Added the expanding of the range of economic activities and the diversity of production activity,these factors all had profound influence on the panda.The temptation of economic interests impelled people to hunt the panda, and leaded to the reduce of the number of the panda.Furthermore, with the development of the society and the tourism, their negative effects to the environment made the living areas of the panda become landscape fragmentation.Finally, the author made the summary of the whole thesis.Based on the historical literature of the panda resource and nowadays,it showed the following characteristics: The panda's living areas became smaller and smaller; The number of animals reduced rapidly was after the nineteenth century. During the historical period, ecological and social environments have changed significantly under the effects of natural factors and human activities. The change of the direct cause was the hunting about panda, and the indirect cause was people enlarged the production scale and encroached the living areas of the panda.