Taiwan 75 Fresh Soybean Pods Anthrax Treatment Technology Research And Promotion

Zhejiang Province is the main production and refrigerated storage base of vegetable soybean in China. Up to the present, the 'TaiWan75' of vegetable soybean which was introduced into Zhejiang Province in 1994 is the only variety appointed product for exporting because of its good quality and high yield. The bean pods of 'TaiWan75' have been seriously damaged by unknown disease with symptoms similar to mechanical nick since summer of 2001. It has resulted in the encumbrance of the export and cause a lot of economic loss. The morphological and molecular identification of the pathogen of this disease has been done by our project. and also studied The relationship between different variety and seeding period with the severity of the disease has been studied and effect fungicides have been selected on the petri dishes. The pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Andrus & W.D.Moore based on the morphology. Because the symptom is obviously differed from the symptom of disease of soybean anthracnose and the symptom is mainly appeared on the bean pod, so we name it as soybean pod anthracnose. Based on the research we've done, this dissertation emphasizes on the study and extension of the pathogens and control technologies of this disease. The main results are listed as follows:1 Temperature and rainfall are proved to have intimate positive correlation with symptom degree of 'TaiWan75' of vegetable soybean. The prediction model of the disease is Y = -177.76 + 14.66X1 + 5.046X1~2 + 0.286X3 (Y-disease index; X1-temperature; X3-rainfall). This model can be used for the prediction of the disease. And the symptom degree does not have obvious correlation with field humidity and plastic mulching.2 The best fungicide to control this disease is 70% thiophanate-methyl, the second are 60% ovraclostrobin+metiram, 43% tebuconazole, 25% prochloraz, 10% difenoconazole or 20% albendazole etc. The best growing season for controlling the disease is early blooming of soybean, then full blossom. The efficiency will be as expected when control once at early blooming during the year there is a lack of rainwater at the stage of soybean blooming. And if during the year that have plenty of rainwater, it is necessary for 3 times continuous control at the stage of early blooming, full blossom and seed filling. The efficiency will be improved if control during rain intermission.3 With the establish and consummate integrate pest management technique, we've carried out project experimentation, demonstration base, the file of technique demonstration farmer, training and extension of the technique, so to instruct farmer of efficiency control and improving the incoming of fanner. The extension area has reached to 60,000 acre and the control efficiency is proved to more than 75%. All of this effort obviously improves the marketability and quantity of bean pod and retrieves economic loss up to 8,653,400 Yuan. Remarkable economic, society and ecology benefits have been achieved through it.