| Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis(Pilger) Florin,a member of the yew family,belongs to Taxus in Taxaceae.Taxus contains 9 species in the world,while 3 disbute in our country,these are T.fauna Nan Li & R.R.Mill,T.wallichiana Zucc.,T.cuspidata Siebold & Zucc.Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis and Taxus wallichiana var.mairei distribute in Qinling and Daba mountains in Shaanxi province.1 Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis distribute range in Shaanxi provinceTaxus wallichiana var.chinensis distribute in the north part:N:33°38.532′～34°02.497′,E: 106°33.758′～109°31.406′.and N:33°19.500′～33°46.127′,E.106°17.657′～110°15.975′in the south part of Qinling mountain.It distributes in the north part of Daba mountain:N.31°44.145′～32°58.03′,E:106°05.8′～109°23.655′and grows in the altitude ranged from 800 to 1200 m.The main vegetation types is mainly shaw in environment.Biomass is 70692.33t in Qinling and Daba mountain in Shaanxi province.The north part of Qinling mountain is 1382.06 t,The south part of Qinling mountain is 65199.25 t and the north part of Daba mountain is 4111.02t.2 Effect of entironmental factors on Taxus wallichiana var.chinensisAnalysis of 12 factors clustering and principal component shows that the main characteristic habitat of Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis are as follows in order according to their importance: organic matter content 30～100 g/kg,nitrogen content 50～200 mg/kg,rivers distance＜50 m, downhill slope position,altitude1000～1500 m,vegetation types is shaw,the content of potassium 50～200 mg/kg,phosphorus content 5～20 mg/kg,human disturbance＜500 m,slope is of not significant influence,gradient 10°～30°,pH6～8.Environment arbors clustering analysis show that mutual influence of Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis spatial distribution is Fraxinus chinensis,Quercus aliena,Corylus chinensis,Acer.Mono,Toxicodendron vernicifluum,Castanea mollissima, Albizzia julibrissin,Tilia chinensis,Ailanthus altissima,Celtis sinensis and Acer grosseri.3 Taxol contents in Taxus wallichiana var.chinensisThe contents of taxol were analyzed in Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis from 14 populations of Qinling and Bashan Mountains in Shaanxi Province by using HPLC technique.The results showed that:taxol contents were 13 mg/kg～135 mg/kg in the needles,while 63 mg/kg～142 mg/kg in the barks.There was almost no taxol in the young branches and xylem.The research indicated that the taxol contents were obviously different in the branches and needles.The taxol were higher in needles on three years old branches than one-year-old and the two-year-old branches.The results also showed that the taxol in the needles in Zhashui County population was higher than the other population and the contents of taxol in barks were higher in Zhen'an County population than others.4 Taxol content in the Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis in relation to tree parts and ageBased on the analysis of correlation,variance and regression to research effect of taxol correlated with the vegetal parts and ages in Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis,by SPSS 13.0 software.Results showed that the taxol content are extremely related with vegetal parts and ages.Also the taxol content in the needles at different ages show remarkable difference,which also had vary significant difference with the content of taxol in the bark.It was found that the content of taxol in the bark had significant linear relationship with the taxol content in the needles.5 Effect of region factors on taxol contentTaxol content in Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis,of different populations in different regions in Shaanxi province were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.The results showed that:significant difference exist in plants growing in the south part of Qinling mountain and the north part of Daba mountain.The relationship within different populations are as follows:Taxol content in Zhashui County population was distinctly different in other populations in Zhouzhi County,Liuba County, Lveyang County in Qinling mountain,also show significant difference in other populations in Qinling mountain.There also exists significant difference of taxol content in Pingli County population,Langao County population and Chenggu County population in Daba moutain.No obvious difference of taxol content exist in other populations in Daba mountain.6 Effect of multi-ecological factors on taxol ContentWe analyzed the relationship between the content of taxol and a variety of ecological factors by SPSS13.0.The first process was to analyze 11 ecological factors correlating with the taxol content. The result showed that the taxol content was significantly correlated with the altitude,slope,the distance to river and the soil organic matter and nitrogen content.Of all the factors,soil,water and light are the main component that:affect the content of taxol.Second the research has analyzed the variance of different elevation extent,which indicated that the taxol content was greatly different in 1250±250 m and in 1750±250 m.The result also showed that the taxol content was significantly different when the content of soil organic matter are between≤50 g/kg and≥100 g/kg. |
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