Marker-assisted Selective Breeding The Rice Kongyu 131 (pyramiding Pi9) And An Empty Sterile 131 (cry1c ~ *)

Insects and diseases are the main factors of rice yield and quality declined. Heilongjiang Province is the major grain production base of country, and rice is one of the major food crops in Heilongjiang Province.In recent years, the hazard area of rice blast and stem borer is expanding each year, and the level of damage is increasing by day.The work of control insects and diseases is the problem we must to face with rice production in Heilongjiang Province.Breeding and using of resistance varieties are the most effective and economical means to control insects and diseases of rice. Rice originated from southern tropical or subtropical marsh areas, the origin of crops are often the origin of the genetic diversity center. Usually, The blast resistance genes' resources of southern indica richer than Japonica. But as the reasons like difficulties of blast identification and linkage drag, the breeding cold region resistance varieties of the rice blast by using hybrid or backcross,make the indica rice blast resistance gene introgressed into Heilongjiang rice genome,has been no breakthrough for many years.Meanwhile, within the rice species have not found genes that against stem borer effective yet. Therefore, using conventional breeding methods cultivate cold region broad-spectrum, durable resistance varieties to rice blast is very difficult, and cultivating varieties can resist rice stem borer is almost impossible.With the development of modern molecular biology, using DNA marker-assisted selection can speed the breeding process and overcome the obstacles like linkage drag, and make indica rice blast resistance genes and transgenic rices'stem borer resistant genes into the rice varieties in Heilongjiang. It is possible that breed cold new varieties of blast resistance and stem borer resistance.Rice varieties kongyu131(Oryza sativa L.ssp. Japonica) is most widely cultivated varieties in Heilongjiang because of its early maturity,high-quality, high yield, cold resistant and wide adaptability. However, with extention of using time and expansion of cultivating area, the damage to Kongyu 131 is more seriously by rice blast and stem borer. If given rice variety Kongyu 131 new blast resistant genes and stem borer resistant genes, it must be more important to develop rice production and stability in Heilongjiang Province. In this study, through the combination of molecular marker assisted selection and backcrossing, make rice broad-spectrum high blast resistant genePi9 in K22 and the stem borer resistant gene crylC* in rice variety Zhonghua 11 (cry1C*) introgressed into kongyu 131.Then kongyu131 will have capacity to resistance with insects and diseases, while the other genes back to the recipient parent Kongyu 131 genetic background. Ultimatelly, we will get resistant varieties Kongyu 131.Main studies as follows:1. Selected SSR markers SRM24 and SRM91 that closely linked with gene Pi9 and they had polymorphism between the donor parents K22 and the recipient parent Kongyu 131. They could be used to foreground selection in caltivating kongyu 131 (Pi9)2. Selected 23 SSR markers distributed uniformly in 12 rice linkage groups, which had polymorphism between the donor parents K22 and the recipient parent Kongyu 131. They could be used to background selection in caltivating kongyu 131 (Pi9)3. F1 population were obtained by hybird between donor parent K22 and the recipient parent kongyul31. And F1 population were analyzed by PCR. BC1F1 were obtained by backcross between the true F1 hybrids and the recipient parent Kongyu 131, then BC1F1 population hybirded byself, and BC1F2 population were obtained. BC2F1 and BC3F1 population were obtained through backcross BC1F2 with recipient parent Kongyu 131. Foreground selection and background selection of BC2F1 and BC3F1 population were done.4. Using crylC* gene primers, identified the crylC* gene in transgenic rice zhonghua11(cry1C*) through the PCR amplication. Mainwhile, Selected 23 SSR markers that had polymorphism with donor parent zhonghua 11 (cry1C*)and the recipient parent kongyu 131. They could be used to background selection in caltivating kongyu131(cry1C*).