Comparative Antioxidative And Immunomodulating Activity Of Polysaccharides From Fruit Body And Cultured Mycelia In Submerged Fermentation Of Inonotus Obliquus

The medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus (I. obliquus) belongs to Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Aphyllophorales, and Hymenochaetaceae, and has been a folk remedy for a long time in Russia and northern latitudes. Polysaccharides (PS) are major bioactive constituents of I. obliquus and most other medicinal fungi, which have proven anti-tumor and immunomodulation activities, and other notable health effects such as antioxidation. However, the natural resources of Inonotus obliquus are scarce, expensive and lack of mature artificial culture method, so development and utilization of Inonotus obliquus fermentation products are meaningful and have great value.In this thesis, the potential antioxidation and immunomodulation of the crude polysaccharide extracts from natural fruit body (FSPS) and cultured mycelia (CPS) in submerged fermentation of Inonotus obliquus were investigated. The chemical compositions of the two sources of polysaccharides were analyzed. The antioxidant activities of the FSPS and CPS were performed using four antioxidant assays: Scavenging hydroxyl radical, Nitric oxide (NO), 2,2--diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, and in inhibiting lipid peroxidation activities. The immunomodulation activities were performed by proliferation activity assay of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs), and the potential effect of cytokine TNF-αand IFN-γof hPBMCs. The chemical composition used the method of phenol-sulphuric acid to assay the polysaccharide content, BCA protein content assay case to determine the protein content, and gas-chromatography (GC) to assay the monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharides.The results showed that: (1) Compared to FSPS, CPS have higher polysaccharide content and lower protein content; (2) Monosaccharide component analysis showed that, FSPS and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from fermentation products have the highest content of glucose. Intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) from fermentation products has the highest content of galactose; (3) The hydroxyl scavenging activity assay of all the polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus showed that it dependent on the concentrations, and the activity of the deproteinated polysaccharide have the similar activity with the polysaccharide that un-deproteinated, the scavenging activity of CPS is stronger than FSPS, polysaccharide extracted by DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography is the weakest scavenging activity. (4) DPPH free radical scavenging activity assay showed that, the scavenging activity of CPS is weaker, and the scavenging activity of these two resources of polysaccharide didn't dependent on the concentration of the polysaccharides. (5) The lipid peroxidation activity assay of the FSPS and CPS showed that the results is similar to the hydroxyl radical activities assay, proved that CPS has a stronger antioxidant activity; (6) NO scavenging activity of FSPS and CPS showed that FSPS has a stronger activity on scavenging activity of NO, and the scavenging activity of these two different resources polysaccharides dependent on the concentrations. (7) The proliferation activity assay of the PBMCs showed that, all polysaccharide have proliferation activity on PBMCs. (8) the cytokine TNF-αand IFN-γmeasurement shows that FSPS have different effects to cytokine TNF-αon different concentrations, have the same effect to cytokine IFN-γ, CPS have strong scavenging activity on different concentrations.Summarize the above results we conclude that CPS have stronger antioxidant acitivity, proliferation activity on hPBMCs, and scavenging activity of the cytokine TNF-αand IFN-γ, which is important to the research of anti-aging drugs and provides an important value for the diseases which is coursed by cytokine TNF-αand IFN-γ. In consideration of it have antioxidant and immune-modulating activity, CPS worthy the further research, development and utilization.