Inbound Tourism Flow, Spatial Diffusion Transfer Of Law Study

Tourism flow is the basis of tourism development, is one of the core issue in tourism geography research field. Because of the influence of some factors, such as regional resources endowment, infrastructure, regional differences, environment atmosphere, China inbound tourism development has been in the balance, the eastern region had advanced development, "Matthew effect" is obvious; Each industry elements assembles at growth area, generates accumulative effect, at the same time,it also produces diffusion effect, each production elements flows from the developed area to underdeveloped areas, and eventually makes regional tourism flows towards balance. Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy development of tourism environment, relieve and ease the negative effect of social culture which is brought by tourism development brings, the most effective way is to optimize tourism spatial layout and organize tourism spatial reasonably.Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation [Project The Study of the East-West Progressive and Evolutional Mechanism of Inbound Tourists Flow of Representative Regions in China (NO.40771058)], this paper chose Shanghai as an example, with "China tourism statistics yearbook" and "China inbound tourism sampling data" for macro data sources, with the entry tourism market survey that is compeleted by the writer's project team in 2008 for the micro data source, studied and analysed the diffusion rule of Shanghai entry tourism flow.This research has the following theoretical and practical significances.Firstly,it brought space diffusion theory into tourism field, applied diachronic and synchronic data, standing in temporal-spatial scales of perspective to explain the question of Chinese inbound tourism development;Secondly, based on the theory of systematics dissipative structure model, the paper analyzed the diffusion balanced degree of Shanghai inbound tourism flows; Thirdly, tourist flow is the key research of tourism subject, the research area focused on provincial and within areas, but diffusion of inbound tourism flow path research relatively rare. This paper studied Shanghai tourism flows diffusion path, to some extent, it can reflect Chinese inbound tourism flows'diffusion ranges.This study included the following respects. Firstly, based on a brief analysis of the current development of Shanghai tourism, the paper analyzed the space-time evolution rules of Shanghai inbound tourism flows, and discriminated the analysis of Shanghai inbound tourism folws transfer to inside and outside of Yangtze delta area. Secondly, the paper summarized space diffusion paths of Shanghai inbound tourism flows, according to marketing research data, it got inbound tourism flows diffusion nodes, the directions of diffusion, and diffusion paths. Then, the paper analysed the Shanghai tourism flows diffusion balanced degree. Finally the research summarized the rules of Shanghai inboumd tourism flows.Through the analysis, this study got the following conclusions:(1) the summary of Shanghai tourism flows diffusion intensityShanghai has spillover and leading role for Yangtze delta area.The diffusion effect of Shanghai inbound tourism flows for within the scope of Yangtze delta area than outside the area. There were great similarity of diffusion transfer intensity between Shanghai tourism flows to zhejiang, jiangsu provinces, which suggested Shanghai inbound tourism flows had not very obvious differences between radiation effect. During the spreading to outside the scope of Yangtze delta area, the diffusion transfer passengers quantity from big to small order of:Beijing, Guangdong, Shaanxi, Guangxi, Shandong.(2) the summary of Shanghai inbound tourism flows diffusion pathsThe quantity of Shanghai tourism flows diffusion to the top 10 cities as:Beijing, Xi'an, Hang-zhou, Kunming, Nanjing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guilin, Dalian and Shenzhen. According to the second stop of Shanghai inbound tourists' choice, the analyse confirmed the four directions, namely northern diffusion, northwest diffusion, southwest diffusion and south diffusion. The northern direction included Beijing and Dalian, northwest diffusion direction included Xi'an, southwest direction included Chengdu, Chongqing and Kunming, south direction included Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Guilin. Among them, the quantity of Beijng was the most, the northern took the second place, the south took the third place, the last was southwest direction. Finally, the paper fixed 9 primary diffusion paths,21 sub-primary diffusion paths,14 subordinate diffusion paths.(3) the analysis of diffusion balanced degreeAccording to the analysis of diachronic data during ten years from 1999 to 2009, it can be found that the inbound tourism flows of Shanghai in these ten years show disequilibrium diffusion, and diffusion person-time is roughly on increase every year. According to the theory of the system dissipative structure, Shanghai tourism flows system is a kind of dissipative structure; the dissipative structure system of Shanghai tourism flows have been exchanging energies with the outside world, with the fluctuation appearing. According to the entropy value theory of dissipation structure system, the entry tourism flow system of Shanghai can continue to remain vigorous or powerful toward the orderly direction. (4) the summary of Shanghai inbound tourism flows diffusion rulesThe rules of diffusion with Shanghai inbound tourism flows can be divided into resources support attract-type diffusion mode, regional core areas radiation-type diffusion mode and inbound tourism flows and outbound diffusion mode at ports. These three modes maybe played their respective role, or maybe made a function at the same time to affect the diffusion transfer of Shanghai inbound tourism flow in a form of resultant force, which made many positive feedback mechanisms come into being, to make Shanghai tourism flow diffusion display certain path dependence phenomenon. If to break this situation, the government should take corresponding control policy;conversely, if make full use of existing state, the path dependence will be updated to path dependence locking.To put it bluntly, if make this gold line be deeply rooted among the people, it can be provide a opportunity for the tourism of Shanghai, Beijing, Guilin and Xi'an. Thus, on the basis of strengthening existing path dependence state, continue developing other new lines which might be formed, to promote appearances of new paths dependence phenomenon, finally bring it into path dependence locked position.