The Convergence Of Human Capital And The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Areas

With the depth of social and economic development, urban-rural income gap between the reality of this problem more and more prominent and sharp. At present, the urban-rural income gap has become the country including the people of the Yunnan the most realistic one of the issues of concern. For Yunnan Province, if we want to make the convergence of Yunnan urban and rural income gap, it must be thoroughly and systematically to study the urban-rural income gap in Yunnan this problem, the objective reflects the status of the income gap between urban and rural areas of Yunnan, causes and for the actual situation in Yunnan Province corresponding measures proposed to solve the problem. Increase the stock of human capital in rural areas of Yunnan is to improve net income of farmers, urban and rural areas of Yunnan to promote effective way of income convergence. The convergence of urban and rural income gap means not only to improve the income of farmers and the rural economy, faster development, but also means that the balance between urban and rural human capital, labor can flow freely and reduce the extent of spillovers of human capital in rural areas, but also to urban and rural economy more better and faster development, increased urban and rural incomes, the development of the formation of a virtuous circle. Taking into account the Yunnan Province is located in the Southwest, a large number of geographical and cultural environment, ethnic minorities, Yunnan is also urban-rural income gap between the convergence of the province for the promotion of healthy development of the national economy, national unity and border and building a harmonious society and the comprehensive construction well-off society is of great significance.This paper is structured as follows: Chapter 1 is an introduction. This chapter describes the significance of the background, the paper's innovation; Chapter 2 for the human capital theory in the income gap in the research of this issue. Summary of evaluation in the international literature of human capital theory is proposed based on the improvement of human capital is the urban-rural income gap can be one of the ways; in Chapter 3, the income gap between urban and rural areas of Yunnan status and their causes, and the urban-rural income gap in the analysis of the factors of human capital; Chapter 4 is the human capital to promote the convergence of income gap between urban and rural areas of Yunnan research and policy recommendations; in Chapter 5 for the conclusion of this study and prospect. Through the use of Theil index coefficient of this analysis, measure the same demographic characteristics of Yunnan Province, the members within the group differences in income between the different characteristics and differences between groups, to express the status of the income gap between urban and rural areas, explore the formation of gap reasons. And from the perspective of human capital to analyze the income gap between urban and rural areas of Yunnan. The first regression model by building human capital factors into the analysis to urban and rural income, urban and rural areas of Yunnan, educational level, urban and rural employment and family size of three factors and the income gap between urban and rural areas of Yunnan relationship. Second, the argument of human capital stock of the rural labor force are farmers the main factors affecting family income and improve rural health care, and improve the health of farmers will also greatly facilitate the improvement of labor productivity and increase income of farmers; third it analyses spillovers of human capital in rural areas. Urban and rural areas by allowing each human capital flows, to reduce the spillover of rural human capital, thereby reducing the gap between urban and rural human capital, reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in Yunnan Province.The results show that urban-rural income gap in Yunnan Province in the expansion of overall trends, and the urban-rural income ratio is higher than the national average, the overall income gap between urban and rural Yunnan, mainly in the gap between urban and rural areas, both the national cause of the problem universal reason, there are special reasons for the local Yunnan Province. The solution to this problem is most convenient and efficient measures will increase the stock of human capital in rural areas, reduce the spillover of rural human capital, narrowing the gap between urban and rural human capital, increase per capita net income of farmers, thereby promoting income gap between urban and rural areas of Yunnan convergence.