Marx "personal Ownership" Study

The "individual ownership" principle is an important genius speculation of Marx on the ownership of future society in 1900s. It provided a theoretical basis for the share system reform of Chinese current economic entity, renewed the traditional socialistic conception and cleared about the persistence of socialism on the point of ideology. Because the traditional understanding of" public ownership equals socialism" are for hundred years, and Marx and Engels were on the process of inquiring, and the expressions were different between now and before, the theory fields produced various guesses to the"individual ownership", then formed many dissimilarities even opposite explanations. The"individual ownership"became a hard theory and some experts called it an economic Goldbach's conjecture. Exactly because of its difficulty, this essay begins with re- checking the original works and purifying the present researching condition. Then, the essay got some new knowledge about"individual ownership"through historic and dialectical analysis. The knowledge re-announced the original principle that Marx's"individual ownership"is a public and private"social individual ownership". It is neither a pure public ownership nor a private ownership.Marx's principle of the"individual ownership"began from economic and philosophy manuscript in 1844, and developed in Feuerbach, economic manuscript from1857 to 1858 and economic manuscript from 1861 to 1863. At last, the principle matured in the first volume of capital theory. The"individual ownership"is a form of communism society, including two stages of socialism and communism. The organizing form of it is public ownership of production means and the basis of it is united individual owning production means. In this form, the production means were possessed of both public and individual. Labor and production means were combined to heavens. The individual have the terminal ownership of production means which have been made to value form, but it adopt cooperative and collective way to carry on production, accumulation, and distribution. The ultimate entity is individual, and every individual in society owns production means in value form equally according to own production ability. Individual property is the key essence and the core content of this ownership. In the meantime,"individual ownership" isn't an isolated and original ownership under the condition of small-scale production, but it is a highly regression to individual entity position, and this"individual"is the united individual. This individual can't exist departing from society. The continuously flourishing society is the premise and environment of the development of united individual. Generally speaking,"individual ownership"is a social individual ownership."Individual ownership"has close contacts with public ownership and private ownership."Individual ownership"is in the first, and it is the essence and core of public ownership. The ownership of future society had been regulated by Marx as"individual ownership". Public ownership is in the second position, and it is only an attribute of"individual ownership"which is made to distinct with original individual ownership and to avoid returning to private ownership. Public ownership and private ownership are two independent ownerships on the surface of ownership. The former emphasizes particularly on sticking up for unitary profit of society, and the later emphasizes particularly on every independent individual, and both can't exclusive from each other, and both can but exist harmoniously. The ownership that production means owning to social individual is distinct from individual ownership of the farmer and distinct from capitalist's private ownership. But the"individual ownership"inherited the reasonable points of both and formed an advantage ownership. It makes both social property and individual property united in"individual ownership", and individual property is the primary part.The share system fits the natural history needs of social production and individual property, and fits various kinds of needs of"individual ownership"in economic form. So this system can contain the development of"individual ownership"and promote the final realization of"individual ownership". Thus, share system is the very form to realize the"individual ownership". Chinese share system has already got a certain development, and state-owned enterprises practiced a reformation of share system, and the bud of share system of field has appeared in villages. The popularize trend of share system expresses that it is casting aside its private character gradually, shining the glory of"individual ownership". The great fulfillment of the booming development of the international community share system in hundreds of years proved the accuracy of Marx's foresee of the"individual ownership", also proved the scientific foresee that the socialism system marked with"social individual ownership"must replace the capitalist system marked with private ownership.