Social Capital-based Industrial Clusters Knowledge Spillovers

The knowledge overflow took one kind of non-voluntary knowledge flows, often is the important origin of enterprise innovation. Generally speaking, the knowledge overflow is facing many barriers. But if the overflow side and the accept side have a more direct contact and close cooperation relations, can enhance the frequency and efficiency of knowledge overflow. Because the enterprises in industry cluster is close in geographical position and have close division of labor and cooperation relations, formed the comparatively close relationship network. Clusters' knowledge overflow with the aid of such relationship network, simplified the middle link and reduced the overflow way in the certain degree, so the knowledge may flow effectively during enterprises. Making a thorough analysis with how division of labor and cooperation network influence knowledge overflow and its concrete function mechanism may clearly realize the knowledge overflow in industry cluster. Therefore it is very significant in theory and practical to study the problem of industry cluster's knowledge overflow from social capital angle of view.This article has analyzed the characteristic and accumulative process of social capital as well as the characteristic and essential way of knowledge overflow by using theory about social capital, focuses in the relationship network in industry cluster. In this foundation, emphatically elaborated the social capital's function to the knowledge overflow .In this article's viewpoint, the relationship network is the important way of knowledge overflow, the innovation knowledge can be overflowed during enterprises that have close cooperation relations. The social capital's function to the knowledge overflow specifically manifests in these aspects: Social capital's superiority in gaining information and resources has provided convenience for knowledge overflow, it causes the knowledge to be allowed overflow through many ways by opening up the exchange channel of information and resources, it also reduced the knowledge's loss and distortion in the mobile process by simplifying circulation link; the localized atmosphere which is established by social capital and the common standard and behavior which is established by relationship network enable enterprises to approve mutually, so increase the knowledge overflow possibility, between enterprises' trust relations reduced the visible and invisible barrier of knowledge overflow; finally, it increases enterprise's knowledge storage quantity and enhances enterprise's absorbancy by reducing enterprises' technical disparity, enables the enterprise to have the stronger mutual cognition strength in the technology and enhances the enterprises' ability of judgement and selection, thus promotes knowledge overflow in different member of industry cluster.