| Objective Because of the deep location and the complicated anatomical structure of the skull base . The disease of the skull base becomes the very difficult point in neurosurgery. For the needs of the clinical operation, We measured the nerves, blood vessels, dura mater and osseous structures of the skull base by appling anatomy study. We provide credible anatomic data and information for the clinical diagnosis and operations, so that we can successfully perform the skull base operation and reduce the injure of blood vessels, nerve during the operation, and reduce the complications of the operation. Material and Methods 20 adult cadaver heads were selected randomly (male 15, female 5), The operating microscope, cold light, operating lamp, microneurosurgical instruments, fixing shelf, verniter caliper and compass were used. We cut these heads along the line of the superciliaries and brain tissues were removed, protecting the site of the brain that the cranial nerve come from and keeping the integrality of the tentorium of cerebellum. According to the text book, we divided the skull base into three regions and measured the distance of 11 -VIII cranial nerves between the skull structures, blood vesscels and dural under the microscope. The data was treated statistically by the SPSS microsoft and 4 expressed with the average ±standard deviation (x ±s). Results 1 Anterior cranial fossa :the distance of cranial opening of the optic canal was 6.668±0.665mm, the distance from cranial opening of the optic canal to midline was 4.864±0.408mm, the length of the dura mater reversion befor the cranial opening of the optic canal was 2.707±1.028mm. 2.Middle cranial ffossa: the distance from the medial end of superior orbital fissure to midline was 16.014±2.572mm, the length of the II1-VJ cranial nerves in the cavernous sinus were: 17.877±3.548mm, 26.913±1.096mm, 16.177 ±2.254mm, 11.393±2.196mm, 22.385±2.335mm, the anterior- postirior diameter of the foraman rotundum was 3.638±0.279mm and it's transverse diameter was 2.908±0.611mm. The anterior- postirior diameter of the foraman ovale was 5.16 5±1.296mm, the transverse diameter of the foraman spinosum was 3.04±0.708mm. 3 .Posterior cranial fossa : the distance between two internal acoustic pores was 49.982±5.474mm, the length of the facial nerve from the brain stem to the internal acoustic pore was 15.1±1.28mm, the length of the vestibulocochlear nerve from the brain stem to the internal acoustic pore was 13.21±1.56mm. The anterior-postirior diameter, transverse diameter and depth of the canal of trigeminal nerve were 10.379±1.788mm, 4.121±0.723mm, 6.789±1.761mm. the Dorello's canal's diameter was 2.552±0.571mm and it's length was 5.127±1.09mm. Conclusion 1 .The ophthalmic artery and dural reversion before the cranial opening of the optic canal must be protected in the operations of optic canal . 2. the cavernous sinus operation should cut the dura mater at the no-nerve region on the wall of the cavernous sinus.The oculornotor nerve must be protected when the antirior clinoid process was ground and the trochlear nerve should be protected when the S edge of the tentorium of cerebellum was cut . 3 .The vein plexus in Dorello's canal must be protected at petroclival operations. |
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