| Obesity has been a global healthy problem. Studies of recent years had shown that obesity can lead to altercations in cardiac structure and function. Particularly in morbid and long duration obese subjects. There are some domestic studies about how obesity can affect the cardiac structure and function in child and old persons. But little have been done about the young and middle - aged obese subjects. So our study is purposed to compare and discuss the changes of cardiac structure and function between young and middle - aged obese and normal healthy subjects. The results are shown as follow:Data67 cases selected from the clinic patients from 2001.9 to 2002. 3 are in obese group, male 34, female 33, the average age is 37 ± 8 years. All are accorded with the 2000 asian adult obese diagnosis standard. Obese subgroups are divided by the body mass index ( BMI). 17 patients are in pre - obese group,34 patients are in class I obese group, and 16 patients are in class II group. The subjects with hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid heart disease, and diabetes, thyroid disease are excluded from the study. 23 normal healthy subjects are in control group , male 11, female 12, average age is 35 ± 9 years.MethodThe height and weight are measured in everyone of the study. Blood pressure are measured in the right arm immediately before each echocardiographic examination using a thigh cuff and mercury sphyg-momanometer . Echocardiography is performed using a HDI 3000 and a 2. 0 - 3. 0 MHZ transducer. Subjects are studied in the partial left decubitus position after a rest of 》 10 minutes until blood pressure and heart rate are stable. The LV echocardiogram is obtained in the standard manner at or just below the tips of the mitral valve leaflets, with the transducer applied in the third or fourth intercostals space. The LV end - diastolic and end - systolic dimension are measured. LV diastolic function is determined by peak E wave velocity, A wave velocity and E/A ratio, IVRT. For each patient 3 to 5 consecutive cycles are analyzed and averaged. All results are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean, the student's t test is used to compare paired and nonpaired data. Pearson correlation coefficients are derived from least - squares linear regression analysis. P <0. 05 is needed to achieve statistical significance.Results1. LVEDD,LVESD,IVS,LVMI of obese group are significantly greater, larger than those in control group (P <0.05) and are correlate with the degree of the obesity. All the cardiac structure variables of class II obese group are greater than those in pre - obese group ( P <0.05).2. The cardiac filling dysfunction is seen in obese group compared with normal group. The E wave velocity and E/A ratio and A wave velocity, IVRT of obese group are lower , higher and longer than those of normal group and correlate with the degree of obesity. All the cardiac diastolic variables of class II obese group has statistical significance compared with those in pre - obese group ( P < 0.05 ). There is no significant changes in cardiac systolic variables between obese and normal group ( P > 0.05 ) .3. BMI is significant positive correlate with the LVEDD(r =0. 37, p < 0.05 ) and LVM ( r = 0. 53 , p < 0. 05 ). but negative correlate with the E/A ratio(r= -0. 27,p <0. 05).DiscussionsObesity causes cardiovascular disturbance. And the incidence of cardiovascular disease is higher even in mildly obese patients than in lean subjects. Therefore , it is important to evaluate cardiac function and morphology in obese patients even if they have no cardiac symptoms. Our study has shown that obesity can lead to cardiac hypertrophy in young and middle - aged subjects. It is expressed as LVEDD, LVESD, IVS, LVMI of obese group are significantly greater, larger than those in control group (P <0.05) and are correlate with the degree of the obesity. All the cardiac structure variables of class II obese group are greater than those in pre - obese group (... |
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