| BackgroundInflammation theory has attracted more and more attention recently. As shown by more and more evidences, inflammation plays a very important role in the occurrence, progress and prognosis of coronary heart disease and became the target of clinical intervention. As verified by relevant researches, atherosclerosis (AS) is the response of blood vessel wall to its damage, with the characteristic of inflammation and fibroblast proliferation and with the manifestation of a series of highly-specific cellular/molecular response; and numerous inflammation factors participate in its formation and progress. As shown by numerous evidences, inflammation mediators influence the stability of AS fibrous cap and are the main factor for plaque instability.As verified by modern pharmacology, garlicin (main effective composition of garlic) could resist ischemia-reperfusion injury, such as: anti-inflammation, anti-fungi, detoxification, calcium antagonism, vascular dilation, VSMC proliferation inhibition, oxygen free radical scavenging and early protection by simulating ischemia pretreatment. Thus garlicin plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. As shown by historic records and early clinical practice, garlicin is a natural anti-inflammatory drug to warm meridians and collaterals and very well protect ischemic myocardium, especially better therapeutic effects on cold syndrome than on heat syndrome.ObjectiveTo establish myocardial ischemia of cold-coagulation blood-stasis animal model and observe the effects of garlicin on inflammatory factor and NF-кB for myocardial ischemia of cold-coagulation blood-stasis.MethodsMyocardial ischemia of cold-coagulation blood-stasis animal model was adopted. 48 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: garlicin treatment groups (high/middle/low dose), western medicine nitroglycerin treatment group, TCM monomer puerarin treatment group and blank control group (normal saline). Rat dose (based on body weight) was calculated according to Methodology of Pharmacological Experiments (ed. Xu Shuyun): high garlicin dose (8.1mg/kg), middle garlicin dose (5.4mg/kg), low garlicin dose (2.7mg/kg), nitroglycerin dose (0.45mg/kg), puerarin dose (18mg/kg), and normal saline dose (7ml/kg). All drugs were injected intraperitoneally continuously for 3d. At the last administration, abdominal aortic blood was rapidly drawn to detect the serum concentration of hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-αand NF-кB. Test data was analyzed through SPSS11.5 statistical analytical software, measurement data expressed with mean±standard deviation ( x±s), mean of each group compared through one-way ANOVA, inter-groups compared through least significant difference (LSD) and S-N-K method and P<0.05 meant significant difference.Results1. hs-CRP: hs-CRP concentration was significantly lower in each treatment group than in control group, and was significantly lower in each garlicin dose group and nitroglycerin group than in puerarin group; the decreasing effect of hs-CRP concentration among middle garlicin dose group, low garlicin dose group and puerarin group was similar, was significantly better than in nitroglycerin group, but was lower than in high garlicin dose group.2. IL-6: IL-6 concentration was significantly lower in each treatment group than in control group, and was significantly lower in each garlicin dose group and nitroglycerin group than in puerarin group; the decreasing effect of IL-6 concentration was similar among middle garlicin dose group, low garlicin dose group, puerarin group and nitroglycerin group, but was significantly better in high garlicin dose group than in other treatment groups.3. TNF-α: TNF-αconcentration was significantly lower in each treatment group than in control group, and was significantly lower in each garlicin dose group and nitroglycerin group than in puerarin group; the decreasing effect of TNF-αconcentration was similar among middle garlicin dose group, low garlicin dose group, puerarin group and nitroglycerin group, but was significantly better in high garlicin dose group than in other treatment groups.4. Immunohistochemical imaging results of rat myocardial tissue (NF-кB): (1) Area comparison: NF-кB expression was significantly higher in control group than in other groups, was significantly lower in each garlicin dose group than in puerarin group and nitroglycerin group, was not significantly different among puerarin group, low garlicin dose group and middle garlicin dose group, but was significantly higher in above 3 treatment groups than in nitroglycerin group and high garlicin dose group; (2) Density (mean) comparison: NF-кB expression was significantly lower in each treatment group than in control group, and was significantly lower in each garlicin dose group and nitroglycerin group than in puerarin group; and the decreasing effect of NF-кB expression among middle garlicin dose group, high garlicin dose group, and nitroglycerin group was similar, but was significantly better than in low garlicin dose group and puerarin group; (3) IOD comparison: NF-кB expression was significantly lower in high garlicin dose group, middle garlicin dose group and nitroglycerin group than in control group; and its decreasing effect was the best in nitroglycerin group.ConclusionGarlicin could significantly resist inflammation, decrease the concentration of inflammatory cell factors (including hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α) and the expression of NF-кB and effectively block the occurrence and progress of inflammation. Thus the action mechanism of garlicin on myocardial ischemia of cold-coagulation blood-stasis is related to its anti-inflammatory effect. |
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