| Eye as an important part of the visual organ, the human body and the outside world to bear 90% of the information exchange function, the level of the visual organ affects the quality of people's daily life, study and work. Visual organs in puberty basically completed, this phase is related to refractive and development of the high incidence of disease, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, amblyopic, strabismus and so on. At present, after the occurrence of such diseases, or over a certain age there has been no effective way to cure more involved eyes, especially myopia more than 4D of myopia, progressive (malignant) uncorrected visual acuity of myopic eyes, often in the 0.05-0.3, at the upper bound of the state's legal blindness and low vision scope, and in later adolescence blind eye disease caused by a variety (such as open-angle glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, retinal detachment, vitreous disease), a large number of low vision, forfeiture is among middle-aged visual acuity caused by complications of high myopia is an important cause, serious impact on people's quality of life [1].Myopia is a very common eye diseases, refractive errors in the accounts for a considerable proportion of the population, is the third in Western countries with low vision eye, Japan and Hong Kong fifth blind eye disease. Prevalence of myopia in recent years, China has risen in prevalence with age students in Shanghai increased year by year, and the early age of onset, such as Shanghai, in 2002 the prevalence of myopia in 27.27%,58.81% junior high school students, high school 70.28% to primary and secondary students in 2009 increased to 30.04%,64.74% for junior high students, high school 82.94 percent, the high incidence of myopia has become the world's countries and in people's education, employment and other people's livelihood has an impact on society and family. Methods of prevention and control, early and timely appropriate treatment and correct guidance of science to prevent, delay the occurrence and development of disease the only direction [2].Research purposesAnalysis of primary and secondary students in Luwan District status and prevalence of poor vision in refractive status, ocular health with primary and secondary students to understand the awareness of knowledge, use of eyes and the myopic attitude of prevention, for the development of more targeted strategies and measures for students with near provide the basis.ObjectsLuwan District, all school pupils and (except outside the temple) Middle School StudentsResearch Methods1 Document Search Method:Get home and abroad, poor vision inspection methods and the latest prevention and treatment of myopia, to provide methodological reference.2, on-site investigation:from Luwan District, all primary and junior high school were randomly selected from six primary one to five students and six secondary schools in early second-year Junior School~a total of 8294 people surveyed, community ophthalmologists using standard far and near to the acuity chart for visual acuity checks. From six primary and six secondary schools in all grades (except outside the temple) randomly selected from a class of 48 students in classes 1661,3322 eyes. Accompanied by their parents to Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention Center, students were conducted by professional eye doctors, routine eye examination and refraction, eye test and glasses naked eye, axial length, intraocular pressure, and dilated eye examination and computerized corneal curvature measurements. By age, gender, refractive errors were classified in each group axial length and corneal curvature was statistically analyzed.3, the questionnaire:from six primary and six secondary schools were randomly selected in each grade (except outside the temple) of three classes, a total of 144 classes in 4365 were the use of the preparation of the Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention Center "student-related factors of poor vision Questionnaire", for students, parents with a focus on health, eating habits and other knowledge and information.Result1, Luwan District, young people aged 7-14 42.00% rate of poor eyesight, bad eyesight rate of 31.26 percent primary school, junior high school 72.06% rate of poor eyesight. Poor students in the visual, primary first and second grades of 0.9 to 0.7 visual acuity accounted for 56.90% and 47.09%, 3 visual acuity accounted for 39.77% of 0.6 to 0.4, fourth, fifth-grade visual acuity≤0.3 accounted for 42.55% and 50.00%; junior high school preparatory classes-first two days of visual acuity≤0.3 accounted for 47.40%, 51.06% and 54.42%, with year growth, the increasing rate of visual acuity≤0.3.2, all ages main types of refractive errors as myopia, myopia in both the main low. As the grades increase, the proportion of low myopia decreased, while the high degree of myopia increased. Anisometropia and astigmatism in primary and secondary students also account for a certain proportion. Sex ratio of refractive errors in different groups showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). Axial length of different refractive group differences were statistically significant (P values were<0.01), different refractive corneal curvature was no significant difference (P values were>0.05), gender differences in corneal curvature was statistically significant (P value<0.01).3, continued after 30 minutes with the eyes, myopia by doing eye exercises the students to look at, activities, eyes closed to rest ratio, were lower than non-myopic group, the two groups, P values were<0.01, statistically significant. Myopia bad habit with a higher than non-myopic eyes, the two groups, P values were<0.01, statistically significant.4, myopia group only 27.66% and 26.04% of the students to do eye exercises are serious, massage point is accurate, were lower than non-myopic group of about 31.50% and 34.00%, the two groups, P values were <0.01, statistically significance. After doing eye exercises every day, myopia group had 12.38 percent of the students did not significantly reduce eye fatigue,13.80% of the students did not feel comfortable with these eyes, and non-myopia group, P values were<0.01, statistically significant.5, myopic parents of students 10.57% of the myopia of over 600 degrees, rather than the parents of myopia and high myopia groups of students, compared with only 4.90%, non-myopic group of students is over 60% of parents of normal vision, the two groups, P values were<0.01, statistically significant. Myopia group,14.60% of student achievement is good, higher than 13.03% of non-myopic group, the two groups, P values were<0.01, statistically significant. Myopia group,21.94% of the students are learning very tense, pressure, higher than 16.43% of non-myopic group, the two groups, P values were<0.01, statistically significant.Conclusion1, Luwan District, young people aged 7 to 14, mainly of poor vision in myopia and low myopia main level, and increased with age, the proportion of low myopia decreased, while the high degree of myopia increase gradually This also shows that young people are sexual development of myopia.2, axial length different refractive group differences were statistically significant (P values were<0.01), and axial length significantly increased with the deepening refraction, or refractive eye axial length has a greater degree of influence.3, young people have poor vision in myopia, hyperemia, astigmatism, refraction status of the causes of poor vision can be clear, the establishment of targeted poor vision screening procedures and regular monitoring is necessary and feasible.4, the complexity of the cause of myopia is the result of many factors, the survey results show that the genetic, dietary habits, bad behavior and learning with the eye pressure is the main risk factors of myopia.5, the primary visual change is long-term changes, suggesting that children with myopia prevention and control should be low-grade primary school, more control measures to prevent and control the integrated development of myopia. |
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