Phycocyanin Inos Expression In Diabetic Rat Islets, Liver, Cardiac Myocytes

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of phycocyanin on the cellular structure and the expression of iNOS in islet cells, hepatic cells, myocardial cells of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats, and explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of phycocyanin in diabetic rats of the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on.Methods32 health male Wistar rats were adaptively fed for 1 week, then random selected 8 rats into normal control group(A). The others 24 rats were induced to Type 2 diabetes mellitus models by fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks and low dose intraperitoneal injection of (30mg/kg)streptozotocin (STZ). When the models were established, the 24 diabetic rats were randomized into diabetic model group(B), phycocyanin group(C) and metformin group(D), with eight rats in each group. Group C and D were treated with phycocyanin and metformin for 10 days respectively. The free blood glucose (FBG) was determined by biochemical assay. The morphology and structures of slet cells, hepatic cells, myocardial cells were observed by histopathological technique. The expression of inducible nitic oxide synthase (iNOS) in slet cells, hepatic cells, myocardial cells were detected by immunohistochemical technique.Results1. After the models established(the 8th week), the weight of group B, C and D was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05); the FBG of group B, C and D was significantly higher than that of group A(the 10th week); 2. After treatment(the 10th week), the weight of group C and D was obviously higher than that of group B(P<0.05). The FBG of group C and D was obviously lower than that of group B(P<0.05).3. After treatment(the 10th week), the morphology and structure of the C and D group improved significantly than those in B group.4. After treatment(the 10th week), the expression of iNOS had the same trend in islet cells, hepatic cells, myocardial cells of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. There a little expression of the iNOS in myocardial cells, hepatic cells, islet cells in group A. But in group B the expression of the iNOS was higher than group A(P< 0.05). Compared with group B, the expression of iNOS of C,D groups was significantly weakly (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the C,D groups.ConclusionPhycocyanin can not only decrease the FBG of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats but also improve the impairment of islet cells, hepatic cells, myocardial cells. The iNOS also could be inhibit by Phycocyanin. It is suggested that phycocyanin might play a anti-oxide effect to protect the islet cells, hepatic cells, myocardial cells in diabetic rats. Judging from TCM theory, phycocyanin maybe cure xiaoke through the dispersing phlegm mechanisms.