Qing Transcription Doctrinal Studies

This essay is divided into four parts.The preface, contain two problems:first one, brief introduce the reason why select this topic for the essay and introduce the current study situation of the academic circles about this problem, show readers the value of this research. Second, the thought and method of the study. Sight with learning phylogeny, I make analysis of numerous theories about "Zhuanzhu" in Qing dynasty, following the principal ideas about the academic history of Chinese philology intiated by WangNing, enearth firsthand information and make a fair and objective assessment.The first chapter, overview of theories about "Zhuanzhu" in Qing dynasty. Hackle the development clue of theories about "Zhuanzhu" in Qing dynasty, giving prominence to the guidance of the "four styles and two ways" theory that put forward by DaiZhen for the "Zhuanzhu" research.Summing up the character of the research about "Zhuanzhu" in Qing dynasty, distinguish the main stream of the field.The second chapter, the sort research of theories about "Zhuanzhu" in Qing dynasty. The first segment, the group of use of character, divided into three sort: the phonetic, the sigmoid and the semantic.GuYanwu represented the group of phonetic, advocated that "Zhuanzhu" was changing the pronunciation of a character to correspond with rhythm. ZouHanxun, ZengGuofan and LeiJun represented the group of sigmoid, advocated that "Zhuanzhu" was the omission body of phonogram. The group of semantic makes an introduction about the theory of mutual glossing and the theory of amplification.In the first, the theory of mutual glossing, intiated by DaiZhen. Guided by the theory of "four styles and two ways", Dai holded that "Zhuanzhu" is mutual glossing, it is first of its kind. The development of this theory had passed two stages:the delegates in the first stage are DuanYucai and WangYun, improving the theory from the theoretical side immensely. The delegates in the second stage are XuHan and YeDehui, put the theory into pratice,making research of mutual glossing phenomenons in Shuowenjiezi.GuiFu,LiuTaigong,HuKun,HongLiangji etc. support this theory,too.In the second, the theory of amplification. The delegation is ZhuJunsheng,advocated that "Zhuanzhu" was amplification of the word meaning,and exchang the definition of "Zhuanzhu".There ara many other people support this theory,such as ZhouSi,XuShaozhen and so on.The second segment,the group of creating characters. The first,the theory of radicals breed characters in the same radicals that initiated by JiangSheng.JiangSheng hold that "Zhuanzhu" was the relationship between radicals and characters in the same radicals,KongGuangju further defined this relationship as characters in the same radicals were bred by radicals.Later scholars such as ChenLi,XuZongyan,ZhangXingfu and others improve the theory from different angles,expanding its influence so that becoming a mainstream viewpoint compared favourably with the theory of mutual glossing. The second,the theory of adding a radical to a character initiated by ZhengZhen and ZhengZhitong.Father and son of Zheng family hold that "Zhuanzhu" was the method of word-formation that adding a radical to a character to breed a new character.Later RaoJiong inherited and developed the theory,he combined the theory and many instances in the history of Hanzi system together,dividing this relationship into six modes concretely,summarizing every kind of circumstance of character evolution,rising the theory to a new altitude.The third segment,other theories of "Zhuanzhu".It mainly introduced following versions:the theory of consent advocated by LuoRuhuai and HuangYizhou;the theory of ideogram adding phonetic advocated by WangMingsheng and RaoDengkui;the theory of binomes advocated by LiaoPing;the theory of paronym advocated by ZhangTaiyan, etc.The third chapter,the holistic estimation about the theories of "Zhuanzhu"in Qing dynasty.Giving a rational evaluation to the study about "Zhuanzhu" by scholars in Qing dynasty from two points of achievement and deficiency,focus on its influence to the after time.