Yuan Dynasty Official Pasture Research, And Related Issues

As the first united dynasty constituted by north grassland nomad, Yuan has a vast territory. Mongolian, the ruling class, which developed by the livestock, Livestock Husbandry has an important role. There are fourteen Official Ranches in the Yuan Dynasty, which has a fundamental role to the development of Livestock Husbandry.The first part of this paper mainly focused on the Textual Research of names about the fourteen Official Ranches. On the basis of historical information.combined with existing research and do some supplement. By contrast with other studies, this paper marked the names of the Official Ranch on the modern governance zones, while research the Official Ranch of the Yuan Dynasty. This will be more beneficial to our research and increase our understanding of the Official Ranch.The second part can be divided into two. Firstly, the institutions set of Horse Administration in Yuan Dynasty, introduced some of them that about the Official Ranch. This paper joined the government of rangeland grass-roots management and analysis of the occupational structure. Secondly, author attempts to analyze the laws of the Yuan Dynasty, discuss issues and policies associated with the ranch.Part III is to discuss the policy of "Abandoned farmland. turning it into ranch". Although the existing studies mentioned this, but there is no specific discussion about it. This part gives an overview of this policy first, from Genghis Khan to Kublai Khan Period. Then the paper discussed the policy of "Empty of its people, for the Ranch" that appeared in Ogadai Khan Period and analysis of some phenomena. Last is the argument of Mongolian customs and the "Chinese Law" occurred during Kublai Khan Period.The fourth part is other issues related to the ranch in Yuan Dynasty, such as check the number of livestock, plowing problems after the fall, winter stationed and summer stationed and Livestock Husbandry's disaster. Except the last one, the others issue was the first time mentioned. Their relationship with the Official Ranch is necessary to study.Finally, we come to the conclusion of this paper. The Official Ranch in Yuan Dynasty has large-scale, relatively complete management institutions and a strong division of labor specialization. "Abandoned farmland, turning it into ranch" which appeared in the era of Genghis Khan is not be implemented in the agricultural areas, but the phenomena that occupies farmland, turning it into ranch is existing. For the last issues we discussed, some of them complement the research of Official Ranch, so very worth studying.