Chinese Residents In Time And Its Affecting Factors Analysis

Time Use Survey has began in the 1920s, and developed in last century later period. The integration of personal time use for work, rest and leisure is one of the basic characteristics of the living standard and life style of the population. China has undergone rapid development since 1978, following the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, and the life style of the Chinese people has changed a great deal as a consequence.In the absence of suitable survey data from China, time use pattern has not previously been analyzed, and this aspect of Chinese life is poorly understood.In 2008, the Chinese government carried out its first time use survey in typical parts of the country. This study quantified the time spent on various activities, discussed the time use patterns of the Chinese people.The Chinese government conducted its first time use survey of the activities of Chinese individuals in 2008. Activities were classified into three broad types, maintenance activities, subsistence activities and leisure activities. Time use patterns were defined by an individuals'time spent on maintenance, subsistence and leisure activities each day.This paper analyzed the time use patterns of different population segments, such as gender, region, age, employment status, and income. And the relationships between the time spent on maintenance, subsistence, and leisure activities were analyzed.The results shown age has a great impact on time use patterns. With increasing age, the time spent on subsistence activities of individuals decreased gradually, while the time spent on leisure activities decreased at first, then increased gradually in all the countries examined. The time spent on maintenance activities increased at first, and then fell, and finally increased again.The patterns of time use varied greatly between the different age groups. Age related subsistence activities turning points were at 20 and 45 years of age in China, and 55 years in Japan, America, and New Zealand. Age related maintenance activities turning points were at 35 and 45 years of age in China,40 and 55 years of age in Japan, and 45 and 55 years of age in both America and New Zealand. In addition, age related leisure activities turning points were at 20 and 40 years of age in China, and 45 years of age in Japan, America and New Zealand.Workers, employees, farmers, business farmers, salesmen, service personal, cadres, EMS staff, self-employed people, and private businesspeople, they all have fixed jobs with regular time schedules and show quite similar patterns of time use. While, migrant workers, full-time students, unemployed people, retirees, home-makers, they all had unique time use patterns, and their time schedules are different with each other. The time spent on subsistence activities had a negative correlation with time spent on leisure activities and maintenance activities, and the time spent on leisure activities had a positive correlation with time spent on maintenance activities.This study also quantified and compared the time use patterns of rural and urban residents. The SA time of a rural resident is more than that of urban residents. The MA time of rural residents is less than that of urban residents. The LA time of rural residents is less than that of urban residents. The SA. MA, and LA time disparity of residents in the rural areas is more than that of residents in the urban areas, respectively.The correlation of time spent on various activities between them was discussed. The MA time of urban residents shown a strong positively correlation with that time of rural residents.The time use patterns by gender were also compared in rural and urban areas. The time spent on SA by male in rural and urban areas was both longer than those of female. The time spent on SA by male in rural areas was longest, and that of by female in urban areas was least. The time spent on MA by female in rural and urban areas was both longer than those of Male. The time spent on MA by male was longer in the urban areas than in the rural areas. The time spent on LA in urban areas by male and female was both longer than those of residents in rural areas. In urban areas, the LA time of male is longer than that of female. In rural areas, the LA time of meal is longer than that of female except Heilongjiang province.What's more, the influence factors of time use patterns of rural and urban residents were also analyzed. In rural areas, the SA time of residents and per capital output value of primary industry is notability negative correlation. It suggests that between LA time of residents with per capital output value of primary industry and per capital net income is both notability positive correlations. And the LA time of residents is negative correlated with dependency ratio. The D-value SA and LA time between rural and urban areas was both negative correlation with the Per Capita GDP.