Antisense Complementary To Each Word Explore

The opposite-and-complementary word is a kind of compound word constituted by two monosyllabic morphemes which are opposite or contrary in their meaning (We simply call it Oacw in the following paragraphs).To combine the opposite or contrary meaning into one word is not only a sort of interesting word-building, but also a very important one in the course of the Chinese development. The Oacw has come into being since pre-Qin Dynasty. What抯 more, it has been used constantly in written and spoken language. It is distinctive both in form and meaning.The author gathers illustrative words on the basis of The Modem Chinese Dictionary and The Big Chinese Dictionary, and studies them from the following aspects:1)TypesThe Oacw can be classified from three angles. According to the relation of two morphemes, it is divided into three types: antithetical, reverse and supplementary. According to the grammatical character of the morphemes, it is divided into six types such as constituted by verbal morphemes, nominal morphemes, adjective morphemes, pronominal morphemes, etc. According to the relation of morphemes and word抯 meaning, it is also divided into three types: the meaning of word retaining two morphernes?meaning, of laying particular stress on one morpheme抯 meaning, and of producing new meaning.2) CharacterThe Oacw has some characters different from common compound word in structure and meaning. Therefore it is a relatively independent word group. There are two characters in the rational meaning. One is plentiful meaning, the other is that it has few antonyms, but the synonyms are more inside the word group. In view of the colour meaning, different Oacw has different emotion, writing style, period and image colouring. The structure character shows that the two morphemcs?order follows a certain rule, it is influenced by three?-primary factors such as meaning, tone and habit.3)The social culture meaningIn the Chinese traditional culture, the limit of status抯 high or low, age抯 old or young, thing抯 early or late, light or weighty, pretty or ugly and so on is so clear that it has been the basic principle by which we understand and explain the world. Therefore, the plentiful social culture meaning was mixed in the Qaews structure and meaning unavoidably.4)Formation and developmentThe Oacw started very early. It existed in the words of the Shang Dynasty and formed in batches from the pre-Qin Dynasty. There are three chief reasons.oIt is an inexorable trend from monosyllable to disyllable with the development of vocabulary. @~The base is Chinese mode of thinking. 甋ome Oacw are produced in need of rhetoric.In every historical period, the amount of Oaew is different, and their character as well. In the course of its development, the Oacw would change on the rational meaning, colour meaning and the order of morphemes.5)FunctionWe抍an form the superior language unit on the base of the Oacw. Thus it has enriched the modem Chinese vocabulary. It can also achieve some rhetorical results and enhance the liveliness and expression of language. The contrary state of affairs or the opposite objects setting off themselves makes the opposition and generality of word even sharp. Some Oacw can be expanded to AABB overlapping structure, and has more vividness. Several Qacw used together in sentences can make the sound and rhythm harmonious.In general, if the Oacw could be well-understood and used appropriately, it would play an important role in language researching, teaching and communicating.