| The dissertation consists of four parts.The main idea of the first part is the reason why the subject matters of LiaoZhaiZhiYi are connected with the source material. In LiaoZhaiZhiYi, Po Song-Ling set the framework of the novel as tales of mystery and the supernatural connecting with the original stories. There are subjective and objective reasons for that. The objective factors contain the national cultural soil of the people's interest in supernatural things at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the folk customs of talking about the fairy fox and the ghost in Zichuan, Shandong, and the special social ideological trend of individuality and Confucianism during that period of time; while the subjective factors are Po's deep interest in supernatural things and fascination for the humorous, lively, mysterious and absurd essays.The second part of this paper is about the creative construction of the source materials in LiaoZhaiZhiYi, that's to say, Po put his own ideas into the original stories. This part is expounded in four aspects.First of all, Po was resentful and sorrowful at the decay and decline of public morals, the wars .the chaotic political situation and his own circumstances and bad fate. Using his resentfulness and sorrowfulness, Po observed the society anxiously with his sharp eyes and endowed LiaoZhaiZhiYi with the individuality of the narrator, which was beyond the authors of the original stories. Secondly, nurtured in the active spirits of the traditional Confucianism, Po not only showed his depression and indignation at the unfair society, but also was concerned about the social reality and tried to change it. which we can see from the images he created in his novel. Thirdly. Po Song-Ling began the writing of LiaoZhaiZhiYi in his 20s, and still wrote novels in his 70s. Although he experienced hard life and bad fate during that period of time, Po devoted all his life to this great work, showing his wills, resolution and determination. In the fourth place, influenced by the democratic and progressive ideas of his time, Po not only affirmed that women had equal right of existence from the point of view of humanity, but also sang high praise for women with a great deal of warmth. While attacking the decadent Confucian feudal ethical code, Po praised the real love and sentiments between young men and young women, which made the love stories in LiaoZhaiZhiYi like modern ones.In a word, compared with the original stories aiming at searching for mysterious things, Po paid close attention to the social ideas, thought about the value of life and carried forward the spirit of individuality. These three factors make up the spirit of LiaoZhaiZhiYi.The third part is to expound the artistry that Po used to turn a crude essay into a literary gem, which are mainly discussed in three aspects.Firstly, Po Song-Ling was very creative in writing LiaoZhaiZhiYi. He created very complicated plots, showed the dispositions of the characters, and what's more, he developed a kind of the dramatic novel in which the plot and characters were in perfect harmony. Secondly, Po combined good techniques of writings, which he inherited from the tales of the marvelous of the Tang-Song period, with his own good taste in writing novels. Thus he produced new poetic charm in his novels. Thirdly, Po added penetrative and profound comment to many of his novels. His comments were general philosophy of life and society, making them integral parts of the novels.Briefly speaking, after putting his own ideas into the crude original stories, with his fine and ingenious techniques of writing, Po Song-Ling developed a kind of all-inclusive and synthesized narrative style, which made LiaoZhaiZhiYi have distinctive national features of Chinese traditional novels.Finally, the fourth part of this paper concludes the historical orientation of LiaoZhaiZhiYi, which is beyond the original stories. This part is also discussed in three aspects: firstly, Po incorporated and refined many kinds of literary forms and... |
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