On The Origin Of The University Of Western Europe In The Middle Ages

The emphasis of this thesis is laid on the study on the cause and process of rise of universities during the Middle Ages, through which we may reveal the deep social factors which helped to bring about the university.There are two parts in this thesis. One is introduction, the other is main body which is followed by a brief conclusion.Introduction: University is the kernel of higher education of today. Lots of ancient higher educational institutions similar to universities have been existed in many classic civilization area including China. While we can only turn to the medieval universities during 12 century when we intend to trace the origin of universities of today.The main part includes three sections:I. The background of origin of medieval universities, which included two points: First, the need of the society: the need of the society for legal experts; the need of church to self-perfect; the need of scholars for reason and freedom; opposition of the citizens. Second, the influence of translation from Arabian works helped to bring about the rise of the university.II. The process of rise of the medieval universities, here we take Paris and Bologna for examples. About Paris University: appearance of Paris University; the acquirement of legal identification; the organizations of students; its arts, theology, law and medicine; its degree. About Bologna University: the origin and process of study of Bologna; the formation and development of its organizations.III. The influence of medieval Universities. Medieval universities lay a foundation for the university of modern times, broke the monopoly of church on education, give impetus to the development of Europe and even the whole world.