On The Ontology Of Rational Mind Beyond Ontology

In schopenhauer' s nineteenth century, traditional rationalism in western ethics began to lay bare its malpractice after long - term brilliance. In western society,the contradictions have been revealed that rationalism brought great progress in technology and at the sametime the decline in morality. Rationality in moral field was on the verge of crisis. People began to waver about moral concepts of rationalism, especially with the development of capitalism, accumulation contradicions were deepened,rational power can not solve personal troubles ^ woe and disappoint ment. People began to doubt about rational beliefs.Rational crisis provided a turning point to schopenhauer. In the mid 19th century, schopenhauer' s ethics began to spread all over the world in its willism characteristics. In order to solve the problems of moral crisis in rational field, schopenhauer replaced it with will. Will was not only the central category of Schopenhauer's ethics but the starting point of ethics construction Schopenhauer's will ,in a word ,was the foundation of the world. It was impulse^instinctN desire and exertion, it exactly displayed surviving will or life will, it was a mysterious vitality,a blind and uncontrolled impulse, it meant endless requirements and desire, will was a natural thing,all kinds of objects in the world were only the showing and a mirror of will, when schopenhauer expounded the category of will, he emphasized the meaning of ethics when will - in - itself replaced rationality - in - itself, schopenhauer cleared rationality from the main stream of morality, replaced it with will and founded non - rationalism ethics. Itwas Schopenhauer' s voluntarism ethics that made the problems of life' s value and meaning, woe and worries,release of existing sorrows, the detachment of sad life become ethics' main topic,thus laying a solid foundation in respecting life an values. Schopenhauer denied that rationality which was the criterion of western ethics was the base of morality. He emphasized that art,aesthetics,intuition,imagination,benevolence and e-motions etc that can not be standardized by rationality played an impor-tant part in human life. He considered will as the foundation of morality. Schopenhauer substituted will for rationality, thus making modern language system the regarded rationality as its criterion and core by shaken and destroyed. He has realised the transition from traditional values to modern ones. It was an important link in the world development of ethics,so it had great effect on modern ethics.