| Liang Qichao is a learned scholar in the history of thought in Chinese modern times. He attained great achievements in many research fields, especially in philosophy, history, politics, culture and so on. Liang Qichao not only emphasized the research of academic issues of philosophy and other specific sciences, but also laid stress on the research of all kinds of scientific methods, the methods of doing scholarly research and general methodology. He analyzed inductive method, deductive method, comparative method, analytical method and synthetic method from theoretical and practical point of view, and his thought showed remarkable insight, which had great instructive significance. He introduced Western logic and made research on the important work of Chinese pre-Qin logic, i.e Canon of Moism, with comparative method for the first time in logical history of Chinese modern times. He made a comparative analysis on Chinese nominalistic logic with Western Aristotle's logic and Indian classical logic, and revealed the main content of logic of Moism, including basic concept, principle of inference, induction ect. Then he gave a high appraise to logic of Moism. What he had done established a new way for the research of logical history in Chinese modern times, and pushed the research of Chinese logical history toward a new developing stage. His research method affected many contemporary and following Chinese scholars who studied the doctrine of Moism. After him, the research of the doctrine of Moism (including the research of logic of Moism) followed the way that Liang Qichao had established. The paper analyzes and appraises Liang Qichao's thought of logic and methodology through comments from the following sides.The first part is about the historical conditions of Liang Qichao's attaining achievements in the research of logic and methodology. They are: the achievements of textual research and exegesis of Zhu Zi Xue in Qing Dynasty; the promoting effect of the introducing Western theories that took on the research of Chinese classical logic; taking the doctrine of Moism and scientific logic method as a methodological weapon for propagating reformist thought and Liang Qichao's favor to Mo Zi and theory of Moism.The second part is about Liang Qichao's achievements of logic and methodology: he analyzed induction and deduction, and thoroughly analyzed induction in particular, and his thought about those was mainly correct; he analyzed comparison as a component of induction and discussed the cognitive function of comparison, he also explained how to use comparison in the research of history; he not only explicated the thinking process of analytical method and synthetic method, but also integrated the two methods with studying history and reading history , and turned them into specific research methods of history ;he expound the rule of causal law , just as Leibniz's principle of sufficient reason in Western modern times and the law of sufficient reasonin universal logic; he discussed nominal classification, and analyzed wrong classification of the forefathers, then he pointed out the significance of clarifying the basic of division .The third part is about Liang Qichao's research of logic of Moism, he advanced Die Jing Biao Ti style of annotating Canon of Moism, and developed comparison among three kinds of Logic. He explained relevant clauses in Canon of Moism by referring to the theory of Western logic and Indian classical logic so that he could rather sufficiently revealed the logical meaning of many basic concept and propositions in Canon of Moism. Moreover his method had a great effect on the contemporary and following researchers of Chinese logical history.The fourth part is concluding remarks. It summarizes Liang Qichao's achievements and shortcomings, and the enlightenments his achievements and shortcomings give us. Such are his shortcomings: his exposition of all kinds of scientific methods was not systematic and thorough; his comparative method of studying logic of Moism still had some defect, becau... |
PDF Full Text Request