Russian Verb Valence Analysis And Its Application

Verb is the most complex and capacious grammatical category in Russian. Compared with other parts of speech, it bears the most powerful constructive capacity. The most important feature of verbs is that it, in most cases, takes up the central place in semantic and syntactic structures of sentences, which is the centralized reflection of the syntactic and semantic attributes of verbs. Such a reflection is manifested in valent capacity of verbs. This paper is to make an analysis of Russian verbs from the perspective of valent capacity of verbs.The novelty of this paper lies in the relation of the semantic structure of verbs with their syntactic structure through the analysis of semantic and syntactic valency of verbs, which leads to the combination of form and meaning. Furthermore, in this paper, the author proposes her own suggestions for some arguable questions in valent theory of verbs and makes a detailed description of the valent model of verbs in college Russian teaching program on the basis of relevant valent theories of verbs for the purpose of teaching.This paper consists of five parts.Part One is introduction. In this part, the central place of verbs in sentences is expounded; the history and development of the study of valent grammar is discussed; the purpose and task of this paper is proposed.Part Two introduces several theoretical issues in the study of Russian verbal valency. They are:(1) The distinction between valent grammar and traditional grammar The basic distinction between valent grammar and traditional grammar is that the starting point of valent grammar is the centrality of predicate verbs, while the starting point of traditional centrality of subject-predicate.(2) The nature of valency. Valency is the concept of semantics.(3) The concept of valency(4) The methods of determining valency in Russian In this paper, the methods of deleting and including are used to determine valency of verbs.(5) The ultimate realization of valency – actantPart Three makes an overall analysis of the valent capacity of Russian triple-verbs. According to the lexical-semantic fractures of triple-verbs, verbs are classified into five semantic categories. In each category, semantic and syntactic valent models of verbs are generalized.Part Four is the discussion of the disruption of Russian double-verbs.Part Five provides some proposals of the author for the application of verbal valent theory into Russian teaching.Finally, in the conclusion part, it is suggested that the nature of the study of verbal valent theory is the discovery of deep mechanism hidden behind complex and isolated linguistic phe3nomena and arranging and regularizing the deep mechanism as properly as possible through the substantive analysis and study of verbs. With the use of verbal valent theory, the internal structure of sentences can be explained and described from the perspective of syntax and semantics and the inferring relation from lexis to sentential model is established. In this way, the relationship between semantics and syntax is expressed more clearly and directly, which is helpful for students to study and master a language (particularly as a foreign language). Therefore, we suppose that the study of verbal valent theory has some practical senses to Russian teaching.