| From the beginning to the middle of last century, the theme of Chinese society is no more than national liberation and country prosperity. The knowledge elites of the period of the May Fourth Movement provided their own distinct response in the face of the distinct era theme and had made special and valuable thought contribution. As the advocate of democracy and science, Chen Duxiu took the important roll among intellectuals and attracted people's attentions at that time.He proposed " free but not the slave ", " progressive but not conservative ", " aggressive but not retired from office ", "worldwide but not lock country ", " progressive but not conservative", "real profit but not dead letter"," scientific but not imagination. "He also proposed "science and human rights" as the slogan of the ethical revolution and literature revolution and have promoted the New Culture Movement to enlighten people to rebuild value system.Since the early years of the 20 century before Chen Duxius' death, the political situation was dangerous and changeable. In such a historical environment, his life was in big rise and big fall. Deep thought changes had taken place with the political orientation transferring several times. In the New Culture Movement and the May Fourth Movement, Chen Duxiu is famous for his reputation in publicizing democracy in China. At this time, Chen Duxiu utilized democratic human rights theory to enlighten the masses of people. After the New Culture Movement, saving the nation from extinction overwhelmed enlightening. Turning from general civil rights to the doctrines of common people, Chen Duxiu's thoughts transferred again. So far Chen Duxiu had moved towards the way of society revolution, replacing democracy of the France type with Soviet Russia democracy. And then he founded the Communist Party of China. But witnessing Stalin holding the banner of proletarian dictatorship, suppressing and persecuting the persons of the internal and external of the party cruelly, Chen Duxiu's democratic views turned to the freedom democracy of constitutional government finally. Constant introspection to democracy, Chen Duxiu and Loskey had the sympathetic responses. And he was expelled by the Communist Party of China in 1929. In 1931, Chen Duxiu was elected as the central secretary of Chinese Trotskyite party. Because the traitor revealed the secret next year, he was arrested and put in prison by the Kuomintang. He had spent for five years before the barred window in Nanjing. And he was released after " the Incident of July 7 " in 1937. Thereafter, Chen Duxiu drifted from place to place in Sichuan, Hubei and other places during the war, and died of illness in Jiangjin of Sichuan in 1942. Chen Duxiu's democratic thoughts turned from the views of Soviet Russia to Great Britain and America's democracy finally in his late years° It began during the period of imprison in Nanjing. At that time, Chen Duxiu retired form the front of revolution movement to returning to the study of political thoughts. It was convenient to utilize a great deal of advantages offered by the national government of Nanjing. So he can concentrate on the democratic problems. Chinese Trotskyites also introduced and translated many books to expose and criticize the big slaughter of Stalin's totalitarianism. That offered... |
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