Ethical Theory. Habermas Metaphysics

In the transition of post-metaphysics today, whether ethics still can provide answers for us on "what is right life" or "what should we do"? In Habermas' opinion, any arbitrary, ultimate, monistic and authoritative answer that is expected to resolve problems for good in terms of some abstract "identity", then to lose itself reasonable bases in real life, can't produce the motivity of moral practice. Habermas thinks that practical rationality involves applied, ethical and moral tripartite meanings when we ascertain "what is right life". Accordingly, the valid moral principle should be purposeful, virtuous and rightful, then, it can only be sought when we return to the reality of the life-world in accordance with standards. Lifeworld is the hometown of the meaning reproduction that people communicate. It contains all theses secrets between individual and society, sense and sensibility, utilitarian and deontology, otherness and universality, experience and super-experience. It is in the lifeworld that the value commonsense, which is based on uncontrolled discussing and rational argumentation through equally intercourse, can make up the valid foundation of the morality principle. Because the commonsense that is reached through inter-subjective discussing embody the unification of the actor desires followed by the rationality of aim, of the subjective decision-making ability of the self-realization, of the subjective freedom willing of possessing the ability of the moral evaluation, so it can be abided by participators together. Based on the hereinbefore comprehension, Habermas consider that the ethics of the post-metaphysics should keep a stance of "well-founded abstention", which self-consciously drop out the leading to the concretely value and quit the intervention to the individual and idiographic life-style, then leave those substantial problems seeking answers. The ethics of the post metaphysics self-consciously limits itself to these procedures, to the analysis of the conditions of conversation and negotiation. Being the more modest role, ethics needs not adopt constructive mode, but accept another mode, which can boost the interaction of moral commonsense and moral reflection, to keep the self-reflection and animadversion on the pattern of human subsistence. Hence ethics can lead our life to a more healthy, rational and civilized way.