Divergence In Qingdao

The may 30^th Movement is an anti-imperialistic and patriotic campaign of thewhole nation led by the Chinese Communist Party(CPC). It is the prologue to Chineserevolution. The range, scope and the number of people are the largest one in Chineseanti-imperialism history. It gave heavy strike to the imperialism, improved theconsciousness and organizing ability of Chinese people, accelerated the speed of theChinese revolution and made the important preparation for the Northern Expedition.The May 29^th Massacre is the fuse of the May 30^th Movement. After that, thepeople in Qingdao did series of anti-imperialism and patriotic struggles under thecooperation of the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang(KMT) and thedirect instruction of the CPC. The campaign in Qingdao was an important part of theMay 30^th Movement in the whole nation and recorded in the Chinese labor movement.After the open of Qingdao harbor, it was conquered by Germany, Japan andAmerica. Especially Japan, making use of unequal treaties and rules, it controlled theport, railway, customs, finance, trade, etc. in Qingdao. Because of Japaneseexploitation and oppression and the extortion of the Northern Warlords, the economyof Qingdao was in straitened circumstances and the finance was on the edge ofbankruptcy. The workers out of jobs became more and the life of civilians was veryhard and painful. All of them caused the complaint and resistance of the citizensespecially the working class. A storm of revolution would come immediately.When the working class was seeking in the darkness to find his leader, theCPC came into being. After the first National Congress of the Communist Party ofChina in July 1927, Den Enming and some other members of the Party came toQingdao to found the organizations of the Party and League, cooperating with theKMT improved the consciousness of the workers and pushed forward thedevelopment of the workers' movement in Qingdao.From 1923 to the beginning of 1925, it was the period of rising of labormovement in Qingdao and it was also the period of the struggles from spontaneouseconomic one to the organized economic and political one under the lead andinfluence of the CPC. The workers' movement of Sifang Rolling Stock Plantdeveloped fastest. They succeed in the strike in Feb. 1925.The success of the strike of Sifang Rolling Stock Plant pushed forward thequick development of the workers' movement in Qingdao. The Party organization inQingdao made use of the good chance to arouse the workers in cotton mills investedby Japanese to strike three times. It set off the first high tide of labor movement led bythe Party in Qingdao. The preliminary success of first strike improved the workers'treatment a little. The second strike was suppressed by the Chinese and Japanesereactionaries and resulted in the May 29^th Massacre. The next day of it, the May 30^thMassacre happened. The massacres in Qingdao and Shanghai together became thefuse of the anti-imperialist struggle in the whole nation. After the massacre, thepersonages of various circles in Qingdao led by the Party took part in theanti-imperialist campaign actively. When all the people in the country and theprogressive personages were denouncing in the same voice about the crime ofimperialism and reactionary warlords, the warlord in Shandong put down the masses'anti-imperialism and patriotic movement crazily. Under this white terror, the thirdstrike of the workers in cotton mills were suppressed again. The labor movement inQingdao was in low tide.The anti-imperialist struggle in Qingdao was an important part of the May 30thMovement. It gave a heavy strike to the Japanese aggression in China. The reflectionand action of every class made the Party have a clearer recognition of them: workingclass was the leader in the movement, peasants were the largest and most reliablealliance, in the suburb of Qingdao the peasants' active joining offered great help to theworking class and the capitalism had a tendency towards compromise. At the sametime the anti-imperialist struggle gave us a beneficial historical inspiration: we shouldstick to the leading of the Party on the anti-imperialism and patriotic campaign andfound the wide united front of revolution, the Party should master the power of theunited front of revolution and use the proper strategies in the revolutionary struggle.