Selected Words The Development Of Reasoning Ability

In last decades, psychologists conducted a lot of studies on deductive reasoning and proposed various theories such as rule theory, pragmatic theory, bias theory and mental models theory. The studies on deductive reasoning provided beneficial decoments. But the studies about disjunctive reasoning are less than others. The early studies, however, are restricted to children as subjects, and the recent studies are restricted to the THOG task. Therefore a developmental study of disjunctive reasoning is necessary. Theoretically speaking, this will give us a clear insight into the issue; in reality disjunctive reasoning are an essential element to enhance creativity and practice. The research on the characteristics and regularities of reasoning will provide psychological support for education in schools and society, which is great practical significance.Based on the documents, the research explores the developmental aspect of disjunctive reasoning generally, the characters of disjunctive reasoning, and the influence factors. This study adopts the edited questionnaire, and chooses subjects from the fourth grade in a primary school, to the second grade in a senior school. The following three items are the conclusions obtained.1. The ability of disjunctive reasoning is being developed continuously, there is a rapid increase between the age 11 and 15, and the speed is slowed down after 15. And after the end-age of the cognize-developmental, the ability of disjunctive reasoning is also increasing.2. The mental-mode-amount during the reasoning is an import factor about the validity of the disjunctive reasoning. The study validates some ideas of the mental theory. But the factors that influence the reasoning process are complicated. The mental theory needs farther enrich.3. The better school and family education will speed up the development of the disjunctive reasoning. And the mothers make a greater influence than the fathers in speeding the children's disjunctive reasoning ability. The ability of language and natural science is the trenchant condition of the disjunctive reasoning.