From The "new History" To "new Sinology

There are three main forms of Chinese historiography during the period of 1901 and 1929. One is the traditional historiography based on Confucian classics; another is "new science of history", which is advocated by Liang Qichao, mainly about the historical theory according to modern concepts and connects with the contemporary western new science of history; and the third one is "neo-Sinology", which mainly deals with the arrangement and search of historical data and has a close connection with Qian Jia Sinology and Western Sinology. These three historical forms have different move locus of their own during the thirty years . The Chinese traditional science of history gradually declines along with the disappearance of Confucian classics and died out at last. The "new science of history" goes into a low tide after experiencing a transient prosperousness and gets the chance to develop again until the end of the 20s depending on the history of social economy. Neo-Sinology lands on academic stage during the period of 1905and 1929, monopolizes the most principal academic organizations and resources, and becomes the mainstream history of during the period of 1929 and 1949. This is a core problem concerning the development of Chinese science of history in the early stages of 20^th century. However, this problem has not been given resolved reasonably all along. On the basis of the arrangement of historical facts of "new science of history" and Neo-Sinology, this thesis tries to pose a solution of its own.The New Science of History, like a heavy bomb, has been thrown into the backwater of the academic circle of the late Qing Dynasty. The "new science of history" Revolution becomes the most resonant slogan of several years after 1902. Facing with such an academic activity that has pronounced political significance, the attitudes of different schools are definitely divergent. The Revolutionary Group headed by Zhang Taiyan joins immediately and makes use of nationalism in new science of history into revolution . On the other hand, the government of Qing Dynasty and it's people obviously holds an exclusion attitude towards the new science of history. This exclusion attitude has a remarkable display in the discussion of the style compiling "history of Qing Dynasty draft". Although the form of the new science of history satisfies the needs domestically and corresponds with the general trend of the development of the world academy abroad, its advocator, Liang Qichao, leaves the group of the new science of history in 1905. Therefore, the Revolutionary Group moves toward the conservative standpoint again and the new science of history falls into a stagnancy condition. In spite of the stagnancy state, many concepts of the new science of history such as the history evolutionism and "society scientification "have unconsciously influenced the academic circle. Besides, these concepts are disseminated by the Chinese culture school and the Nan-Gao school. Till the end of 1920s, its academic spirit revives again by means of the history of social economy science."Neo-Sinology" is a product under the mutual influence of Chinese traditional classics and western Sinological method and learning canonical forms. The process that "Neo-Sinology" produces is the process that the Chinese study of Confucian classics changes into the science of history. Thethe Chinese culture school's theory of "bring Confucian culture into Neo-Sinology" makes Confucian classic change into Neo-sinology. Therefore, it clears away the obstacle that the study of Confucian classics develops to modern learning further and takes an important step to develop the "scientific science of history". On the other hand, Zhang Taiyan and other people's academic research makes the phonetic rhyme praising Sinology, explanations of words in ancient books, textual research, language characters, emendation, etc. which are used in Qian Jia to explain the classical learning specially change into the instrument of historical research. This has made the initial step for the neo-Sinology's merit of perfecting a methodology and integrating traditional learning. However, the studies of Chinese ancient civilization do not have a space in modern learning discipline. The studies of Chinese ancient civilization have to transform into the modern science of history through "the national cultural heritage moves" which is directed by Hu Shi and other's scientific spirit of "scientific spirit" and" doubt the acient attitude". This historic form is "new Sinology". After 1920s, along with the accumulation of neo-Sinology people in Beijing and other learning centers and the establishment of relevant learning organizations and periodicals, the neo-Sinology establishes its mainstream status in academic circles.On the basis of separately probing into the developing track of the new science of history and the foundation of neo-Sinology's appearance, the fourth chapter concentrates on the core problem of this thesis, that is, from 1901 to 1929, why the new science of history tends to be quiet after a transient prosperousness while the neo-Sinology develops vigorously and becomes the mainstream of Chinese historiography? Generally speaking, "new science of history " can not develop waiting for oneself factor to have greatest something to do than theory is excessively advancing, but modern learning of Chinese can not develop after staling for a long time, the science of history is beset with a crisis right away in starting beginning of that, the classical learning lasting waits for external factors to be unable to keep silent also having blocked development of "new science of history ". "New Sinology " is to have inherited Chinese tradition learning in very big degree, especially Qing Dynasty praises Sinological learning resource. The classical learning has not become whose blockage not only, and have driven the person to develop to a certain extent. Development of its process not only the obstacle is less , but also front open circuit having the quintessence of Chinese culture school, the queen push having new style scholars such as Wang Guo Wei , Hu Shi , the outside stimulation guidance having west Sinology , the inner support having learning resource such as university , central authority research institute history language institute, therefore being able to develop the main current expanding , becoming an academism while the new learning ethos that "the New Culture Movement" builds is prompt.