The Adverb "or" Multi-angle Inspection

This article uses a strueturalism descriptive way to give a careful description about the semantic and syntactic performance about each item of the adverb "haishi", concluding the basic and derived meaning about it. With the cognitive linguistic theory, the article shows the interior relationship among each item. It turns to the way of textual analyse to discuss the textual function, cohesive ways and semantic pattern about the adverb "haishi". Drawing lessons from the accomplishment in the grammaticalization theory, the article shows an historical track about the adverb "haishi'" and its each item. From the view of semantics, syntax, text, diachronic, the article obtains several understandings about the adverb "haishi":Firstly, semantic aspect: It sums up three items about the adverb "haishi": (1) Expressing the durative invariability in movement behavior and nature condition from the past to the current time; (2) Expressing the result realization with the differentiates between the objective reality world and subjective cognitive world; (3) Strengthening or relaxing the mood. "Durative" is the basic and nuclear semantic of the adverb "haishi", and activating a sequence is the cognitive pattern of the adverb "haishi".Secondly, syntactic aspect: For one thing, it discusses the choice limitation between each item of the adverb "haishi" and verb ingredient, including the situation of combination about the adverb "haishi" and a verb, "bu/mei(you)+VP", "VP+zhe", "VP+le". We think whether the interior progress structure of verb ingredient is up to each item of "bu/mei(you)+VP", "VP+zhe", "VP+le" is the deeper reason to the difference between the adverb "haishi" and the adverb ingredient collocation. For another, it inspects the sentence structures that each item of the adverb "haishi" forms. Finally, it gives an analyse about the syntax position of each item of the adverb "haishi". The different performance in syntax shows the semantic difference among different item will make a functional opposition.Thirdly, textual aspect: The adverb "'haishi" has three functions: connection, transformation of a topic and indication suppose. It can form three semantic cohesive patterns: successional cohesion, transformational cohesion, deductive cohesion; the way of textual cohesion has the characteristic of multilayer and diversification.Fourthly, diachronic aspect: the historical tack of the adverb "haishi" and its each item not only verifies the relation about each item of the adverb "haishi" in synchronic level, but also provides the certain basis for the diachronic evolution of function words like "Fshi". In brief, in order to research the adverb "haishi" from every aspect and include the specialty and usage of it, this article mainly uses several ways as following: a description and explanation, a combination of static state and dynamic state, a proof and validation between form and significance, a contact of diachronic and synchronic, so it gets a comprehensive and systemic understanding about the adverb "haishi".