A Dynamic "x",

Since modern times, the abstract and speculative issues of metaphysics have been gradually abandoned with the contemporary thought turning to"life world". Moral, political, religious and social issues have gradually become our major concern, and how to understand"human"constitutes the foundational issue of the research. Connected with that, the problem with human is also increasingly prominent especially since the modern times. With the prevalence of such theories as empiricism, positivism, sensualist and utilitarianism and so on, natural person has become our main understanding of"human"in the sense of sensory experience, while the existence of human's personality has been neglected and forgotten day by day. Such one-sided understanding of human cannot meet the current philosophy research, even it has become the main obstacle of all true philosophy research. In order to understand human newly from human's personality existence rather than from the natural and physiological stratification plane, German philosopher Marx Scheler established the philosophical anthropology in the 1920s.The innovation of the philosophical anthropology lies in its research method of human. It has overcome the one-sided understanding of human of the traditional philosophy. With the method of combining experience of science and metaphysics, the philosophical anthropology compares human with animals, and proposes the idea that human is open to the world, which has surpassed the one-sidedness of traditional philosophy methodology and has had major impact on the advancement of the entire modern Western philosophy.In the past, the studies of Scheler′s idea are relatively weak both at home and abroad, this is mainly because he was Jewish descent and his idea was prohibited in the Nazi period. Moreover he died prematurely, only leaving a lot of manuscripts and fragments, which has also affected people's understanding of his thought. However, since the modern times, Shedˊs broad and profound thought has drawn more and more attention and interest of both domestic and foreign researchers. Especially his idea on human and the essence of human are particularly noticeable in nowadays society that promotes human subjectivity and value. A growing number of scholars attach great importance to Scheler's thought on human . They carried on the analysis separately from different points of view .Some probe into his thought on human from the point of value, and some other from the standpoint of the Christian theology. Consider revising, Marx. Shedˊs deep thought on human and his probe into general human have revealed the motif of the philosophical anthropology. That is an eternal dynamic process of human pursuing perfection and the realization of self modernization. Human is a X that constantly pursues to achieve"it should be".Drawn and based on the research results of domestic and foreign schorlors ,this essay will mainly comment on Scheler's anthropological thought, its break-through and innovation to the past anthropology thought and its overall impact on the process of modern western philosophy , with the method of unification of logic and history and combination of theory and practice , and make a simple introduction to its subsequent development.