School Students Home Environment, Self-esteem And Optimism For Psychological Quality

Optimism is a positive psychological quality, and it is an important part of Positive Psychology research. At present, there are two main research orientations on the study of optimism:dispositional optimism and optimistic explanatory style. This paper investigates the optimism quality of middle school students on this two research orientations. It is necessary to do research on optimism, for it has positive influence on individual development. The study of what factors affect middle school students'optimism will provide educators with a guide to raise their children, and then it is helpful for children health growing and happy living.Based on the review of the concept, theories and worldwide research instance of optimism, Life Orientation Test, Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire, Self-Esteem Scale and Family Environment Scale have carried out on 502 middle school students. The purpose of this research is to explore the basic situation of middle school students'optimism, the relationship among family environment, self-esteem and optimism, and to examine mediator effect of self-esteem between family environment and optimism. The results show that:1. There are significant differences in living area, household income levels, parental education degree and parents rearing style, but no significant differences in gender, grades and only-child or not.2. Dispositional optimism and optimistic explanatory style exit significant correlation.3. Cohesion, Expressiveness, Conflict, Independence, Achievement Orientation, Intellectual-Cultural Orientation, Active-Recreational Orientation, Moral-Religious Emphasis and Organization of FES-CV are significantly-related with middle school students'optimism. Cohesion, Expressiveness, Conflict, Independence, Intellectual-Cultural Orientation, Active-Recreational Orientation, Moral-Religious Emphasis, Organization and Control of FES-CV correlate significantly with middle school students'self-esteem. A significant correlation between middle school students'optimism and self-esteem was also observed.4. Cohesion, Independence and self-esteem have significant prediction to middle school students'optimism.5. Middle school students'self-esteem partly mediates the relationship between family environment and optimism.