Study On Positive Explanatory Style Of College Students And The Group Counseling Intervention

The research of optimism focused on two approaches: one orientation is optimisticpersonality, also known as dispositional optimism; another orientation is optimisticexplanatory style which is also called learned optimism. This study is about the collegestudents' optimistic explanatory style investigation and intervention.This study uses a questionnaire to investigate the current situation of collegestudents' optimistic explanatory style. Firstly, we translate the Attributional StyleQuestionnaire which is emended by Seligman in2002, into Chinese and then revise it tothe formation of Chinese version. After that, we make the reliability of the questionnairetested. Then we use the formal questionnaire to investigate the current situation and thereasons of college students' optimistic explanatory style, on this basis using aquasi-experimental and case studies intervention on college students' optimisticexplanatory style. The quasi-experimental research based on Wiener Attribution Theory,combine with the Rational Emotive Therapy and group counseling skills to intervenethe college students' optimistic explanatory style. The last is individual counseling caseresearch, which use the Rational Emotive Therapy to intervene a negative explanatorystyle case, validating if the Rational Emotive Therapy is effectual to the pessimisticexplanatory style case. The results are as follows:(1) College Students' optimistic explanatory style showing the imbalance ondifferent factors, they are pessimistic on good events. There are some differences indifferent types of schools, different grades and gender.(2) Group counseling for college students' optimistic explanatory style interventionis effective. We found the experimental group score changes obviously in good events,but it does not change in the control group, that is to say the Group counselingintervention works. Through the analysis of 《Summary of the group counseling》,《Evaluation for the group counseling activity》 and 《Evaluation for the guidanceteacher》, most of the group members say that they are interested in the group counseling activities and learned a lot from it.(3) Rational Emotive Therapy has effect on the pessimistic explanatory style case.After six times individual counseling, the optimistic explanatory style of the visitorchanges significantly, and the visitor's self-report showing her emotional distress isimproved.