| The first person singular perspective closely related to us. The first person- singular deixis is an important part of languages. It is often ignored because people become commonplace and often overlooked it so that the research about it is often fragmented. In view of this, the paper focuses the relationship between symbols and entities and is going to study it comprehensively and systematically.The first-person singular deixis is the claim of speakers, namely the symbol used by entity persons. The deixis in communication is the symbol of the specifically alleged relationship, with the corresponding physical reality. As far as speakers concerned, singular deixis and their plural forms present the relationship of foothold and based on domain. In exceptional circumstances, singular can be used as plural, and plural can be used as singular. There is also the first-person singular deixis which can be used both singular and plural. First-person singular makes face-to-face relationship with second person deixis, and back-fits relationship with third person deixis, and makes impressive self-indirection with reflexives。In the called triangle made by the first-person, the second-person and the third-person the first person singular is always domination. The person deixis can also be into each other because of different speakers. In the actual speech domain, "wo(I)"can be subdivided into entity-me(including physical me, thought me) and "virtual me" according to psychological concern.From the diachronic point of view, first-person singular deixis has the basic usages, high-potential, low-potential and equal potential spaces in the history. There are two basic forms of its type -- the pronoun form and the title form。In the history, besides "wo(I)","zan(I)"and "an(I)", there are many other forms which were used by ordinary people but then gradually disappeared in the history, such as "yu(I)". And there are also some which be only used by emperor and top ruling class, such as "zhen(I)" The forms of the first person singular title can be generally divided into the following categories:social status title,"" family relationship titles "," gender relations title "and" religions title ". The entities play different roles in a different era of history and can only highlight a particular relationship in the actual speech actions.For synchronic cross-section, the forms of the first-person singular deixis mainly include pronouns and titles. The pronoun form contains "wo(I)","zan(I)" and "an(I)".Title forms include "singular title" and "composite title". There is also a form needing to mention, namely the implicit allegation. From grammar, the main functions of first-person singular deixis in sentences can play as subject, object, attribute and part-words.From the point of view of the alleged, " It mainly functions as "definite referential function" and "no fixed referential function". From the perspective of pragmatic of speech act, Its function can be realized as "object using ", namely "stating facts", and as "subject using", namely "building the facts"。In social reality, the usage of the first-person singular deixis can generally be divided into the following categories, "general usage", "humility usage", "closing usage", "stressed usage" and "imperative usage".Developing of the first-person singular deixis can be studied from both external and internal factors. The external factors drive from the impact of social development and change, mainly being the social system, people's consciousness, mental changes and people's active or passive interaction. The internal factors depend on their autonomic development. The "universal order parameter" and the "unique order parameter" decide the process and the direction of systematic state of evolution of the first person singular deixis. And competition "and" collaboration "are the internal driving force for the development of the system in which competition is full among the various elements for achieving "the alleged rights", at the same time, mutual cooperation of them realizes together self-indirection of speakers under different situations.As the self-called words are diversity and flexibility in using, it is necessary to focus the first-person singular deixis in teaching Chinese as foreign language. Studying the first-person singular deixis can help learners to correctly understand and use in writing and oral style who learn Chinese as the second language and also contribute to their understanding of historical documents in depth study and research. All of them show positive meaning in studying the first-person singular words. |
